Past Grants

Frederick Kagan and Nicholas Carl will lead an effort to produce daily textual, graphical, and map updates on key events in Gaza, Lebanon, the West Bank, Syria, Iraq, Iran, and Yemen.

S. Frederick Starr and Svante Cornell will analyze political and economic changes in Central Asia, assess the ramifications of the reduction of Russian influence and the concomitant rise of China in Central Asia, and examine efforts to strengthen and institutionalize Central Asian regional cooperation and strengthen connectivity across the Caspian Sea. The project’s findings will appear in a series of monographs, papers, and ongoing briefings for the policy community and media.

Herman Pirchner, Jr., and Ilan Berman will research and write a book exploring how China, Russia, and Iran employ “militarized nationalism” to bolster their domestic political legitimacy and animate their geopolitical agendas and strategies.

Richard Harrison and Peter Garretson will organize a series of workshops exploring near-term scenarios that could have a significant impact on U.S. space strategy. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports.

Joshua Eisenman will research and write a book examining how countries that are middle powers, which can hold considerable sway in their own regions, cope with China’s political and economic pressure.

Kenton Thibaut, Jochai Ben-Avie, Graham Brookie, and Rose Jackson will explore how U.S. policymakers could most effectively counter China’s efforts to dominate global digital infrastructure. They will draw on existing data and research to examine China’s approach to technology competition and tech diplomacy. The project’s findings will appear in two reports and a series of briefings.

Zoltán Fehér and Valbona Zeneli will assess how European countries are responding to heightened U.S.–China competition. They will identify the underlying trends propelling different approaches to China among European countries, including France, Germany, Italy, Hungary, Poland, Czechia, Lithuania, and Greece. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Elisabeth Braw will explore how best to protect the global maritime order from the predation of Russia, Iran, and other authoritarian actors. She will investigate a combination of attacks on global shipping, the role of shadow fleets that flout sanctions against aggressors and rogue states, and violations of international maritime law by revisionist actors. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

John Klein and Clementine Starling-Daniels will examine how the United States can most effectively deter or respond to Russian aggression in space. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Mireya Solís will research and write a book exploring the evolution of the economic terrain of East Asia as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan adjust to China’s assertive geopolitical posture.

Bruce Jones will research and write a book examining how the United States can maintain an edge in undersea warfare vis-à-vis China and Russia. He will assess Chinese, Russian, and U.S. strategies and capabilities for operations in the subsea domain in a range of potential warfighting scenarios.

Sarah Yerkes will research and write a book exploring why some young democracies manage to overcome various challenges and preserve their democratic forms of government while others fail to do so.

John Arterbury and Andrew Boling will examine the logistics networks that facilitate trade among China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea. They will collect and analyze public records pertaining to shipping and transportation logistics; satellite imagery; real-time ship and plane tracking information; device tracking information; media and social media postings to track human networks; and information from local sources. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Alina Polyakova, Sam Greene, Andrei Soldatov, and Irina Borogan will lead an effort to identify how NATO can respond to Russia’s “shadow war” of assassinations, sabotage, and terrorism against the West. They will examine the scale of Russia’s covert attacks, the actors tasked with carrying them out, the vulnerabilities to such attacks among NATO members, and options for deterring future Russian attacks. The project’s findings will appear in a series of policy briefs and a report.

Vivek Chilukuri will assess the evolution of China’s Digital Silk Road, which focuses on building out and controlling global digital infrastructure, and explore options that the United States could pursue to counter its impacts. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports.

Emily Kilcrease and John Hughes will lead an effort to develop a doctrine for the use of economic sanctions. They will undertake a series of quantitative and qualitative case studies of past sanctions campaigns and will interview experts, former and current policymakers, and private-sector actors. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Katherine Kuzminski will examine the challenges that the U.S. military is facing in meeting its recruitment goals. She will review enlistment data, interview officials at the Department of Defense, and field a survey of young people to assess their views on enlistment. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Madison Creery, Katherine Kjellström Elgin, and Tim Sadov will assess Russia’s options for rebuilding its military in the wake of the Ukraine war. They will develop a Russian strategic choices tool that allows users to explore different force structure options in a budget-constrained environment and use the tool to conduct exercises that test various options for reconstituting the Russian military. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Gracelin Baskaran will research and write a monograph examining how the United States can most effectively ensure access to minerals critical to economic and national security supply chains. She will analyze the distribution of mineral deposits around the globe, examine the supply chains for ten critical-priority minerals, undertake case studies of the resource development landscape in mineral-rich countries, and develop a model for the United States to compete with China in the critical mineral sector.

Carol Kuntz will identify how the U.S. military may effectively and safely utilize capabilities enabled by artificial intelligence (AI). She will explore policy issues surrounding AI-enabled military capabilities and undertake interviews with Defense Department officials on the Pentagon’s current approach to this issue and with technical experts on options for improving the accuracy of AI algorithms. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Victor Cha, Ellen Kim, and Andy Lim will research and write a book exploring how the United States and its allies and partners can respond to and deter China’s weaponization of economic interdependence.

Seth Jones will examine how the United States and its allies could most effectively respond to the growing risk of a multifront war with some combination of China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Ryan Berg will assess the degree to which China and Russia are coordinating their security, economic, and information policies in the Western Hemisphere and examine how such collaboration could affect U.S. interests in Latin America and the Caribbean. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Natasha Hall will research and write a book exploring how authoritarian regimes are learning from the repressive tactics employed during the Syrian civil war and how the United States might curb the use of such practices against established and nascent democracies.

Seth Jones will research and write a book setting forth an agenda to reinvigorate the U.S. defense industrial base. He will undertake research at governmental and corporate archives on the evolution of the U.S. defense industrial base since World War II and will interview policymakers and experts about the competition between the U.S. and Chinese defense industrial bases.

Lucy Hornby will research and write a book exploring the career and mindset of President Xi Jinping. She will analyze Chinese- and Western-language materials pertaining to Xi’s life and will conduct interviews with experts in Asia, Australia, Europe, and the United States.

Daniel Runde and Erin Murphy will evaluate threats to the physical and data security of undersea cables and explore how the United States can work with allies and private-sector actors to build out and secure such cables. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Dinny McMahon and Andrew Polk will research and write a monograph assessing possible trajectories for the Chinese economy over the next decade. They will analyze data on China’s debt and demographics in order to project how government efforts to manage the effects of these variables might shape China’s political economy.

Daniel Byman, Cynthia Cook, Sean Monaghan, Benjamin Jensen, and Seth Jones will examine how the United States can strengthen its approach to intelligence sharing, strategic planning, and building allied capacity with Japan, Poland, Australia, South Korea, Taiwan, and the United Kingdom. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and a report.

Minxin Pei will edit and publish the China Leadership Monitor, a quarterly journal examining developments and trends in Chinese leadership politics and the ways competition over power and policy are unfolding within the Chinese Communist Party and government.

Bradley Parks and Ammar Malik will examine the nature, scale, composition, and strategic aims of China’s overseas lending program in the industrialized world. They will collect and analyze data on official-sector financial flows from China to advanced economies from 2000 to 2023. The project will result in a publicly accessible database and the findings from the analysis will appear in a report.

Greg Scarlatoiu will lead an effort to explore the ideological changes underway in North Korea. He will commission reports on the changes in the cult of personality of North Korean leaders over three generations, the changes in North Korean concepts of unification, and North Korean labor rights violations at home and abroad. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and policy briefs.

Zongyuan Zoe Liu will research and write a book exploring how the Chinese people are responding to President Xi Jinping’s political and economic leadership and testing whether “passive disengagement” is developing in the economic realm in response to the rule of the Chinese Communist Party.

Manjari Miller will research and write a monograph assessing the long-term risks and benefits of a U.S. policy to bolster India as a counterweight to China. She will explore whether India’s interests and strategy are likely to align or diverge with those of the United States over time.

Yanzhong Huang will research and write a book examining the social, economic, and political fallout in China from the government’s zero-COVID policy. He will collect and analyze primary Chinese-language materials and secondary sources from the international public health and medical communities.

Paul Saunders will research and write a monograph that identifies the primary drivers of China’s energy and climate policy, examines how Beijing’s management of those issues relates to its national security policy, and assesses whether the United States can hope to influence China’s energy and climate policy through diplomatic engagement.

Robert Hamilton will research and write a book examining how the United States can optimize its military assistance programs to deter aggression by revisionist powers or defeat such aggression if deterrence fails.

Donald Jensen will assess the current and future roles of the Russian special services in the country’s political, business, and security systems. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Samantha Ravich and Mark Montgomery will lead an effort to catalyze improvements in cybersecurity policy and to provide solutions to specific cyber challenges that lie at the nexus of policy and technology. They will develop policy and technology solutions in four areas: federal planning and resourcing, public-private collaboration and critical infrastructure, technology transformation, and international cyber challenges. The project’s findings will appear in a series of policy briefs, technical notes, and articles.

David Adesnik and Jonathan Schanzer will research and write a book assessing what was called the “war between wars,” conducted by Israel against Iran and its proxies in the years leading up to the attacks of October 7, 2023. They will undertake historical research, interview Israeli military and intelligence officials, and interview current and former U.S. officials who interacted with Israeli counterparts over the war between wars.

Husain Haqqani and James Barnett will edit and publish the journal Current Trends in Islamist Ideology.

Andrew Krepinevich will explore how the U.S. nuclear posture should adapt to China’s emergence as a peer nuclear power alongside the United States and Russia. He will conduct a net assessment of the U.S. nuclear posture, as well as a planning exercise that will contemplate at least three scenarios exploring emerging challenges for nuclear deterrence and competition. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Clare Lockhart will lead an effort to examine how firms can reconfigure their supply chains in ways that better align with democratic values and the geostrategic and economic interests of the United States and its allies and partners. The project’s findings will appear in a series of case studies and reports.

Clare Lockhart will research and write a book exploring how best to establish effective and accountable governance in countries characterized by weak institutions, high debt, and corruption. She and her colleagues will review and analyze academic research and policy prescriptions from international working groups and commissions; conduct interviews with country leaders, practitioners, and international and regional experts; and organize a conference involving country leaders to test the project’s findings.

Stephen Gailliot and Karolina Hird will explore the evolving entente among Russia, China, Iran, and North Korea. They will analyze information from international media; state media outlets and social media accounts; Western expert commentators and government officials; commercially available satellite imagery; and open-source intelligence. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and articles.

Mason Clark and George Barros will track daily developments in the war in Ukraine and produce an operational history of the war. The project’s findings will appear in the institute’s daily updates as well as a single-author book.

Peter Mattis will edit and publish China Brief, a biweekly publication exploring developments and trends in Chinese leadership politics and China’s internal and foreign policies.

Thomas Kent will research and write a book assessing the role that Western, Ukrainian, and Russian information operations have played during the war in Ukraine.

Cheryl Yu and Peter Mattis will research and write a monograph examining China’s efforts to influence Mexico’s political and economic systems and society. They will analyze Chinese-language materials, corporate registries and databases, and Spanish-language material from and on Mexico, while also conducting interviews with experts, businesspeople, and officials familiar with China’s activities in Mexico.

Weifong Zhong will develop an analytical tool to sift through propaganda materials produced by the Chinese government to assess the potential for course changes in Chinese policies. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Iulia-Sabina Joja will research and write a book assessing U.S. interests and options in the Black Sea region. She will examine the risks associated with the region’s emergence as a hub of expanding cooperation among Russia, China, and Iran and analyze evolving expectations of U.S. allies and partners in the region.

Lobsang Sangay and Dhardon Sharling will research and write a book developing a framework to empower refugee communities to become agents for democratic change in their homelands.

Mark Schneider will research and write a monograph assessing China’s strategic nuclear capabilities. Drawing on open-source information, he will critically examine existing estimates of China’s nuclear arsenal and develop an alternative estimate of Chinese weapons platforms, weapons systems, delivery vehicles, and warheads.

Matthew Costlow will assess the likelihood of coordinated aggression by some combination of Russia, China, North Korea, and Iran, and develop conventional and nuclear deterrence strategies to mitigate that risk. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Keith Payne will lead an effort to identify how the United States can best strengthen its nuclear posture in the current strategic environment. The project will convene a study group to analyze changes in the threat environment; draw out the implications of those developments for plans and programs to modernize nuclear forces and infrastructure, declaratory policies and force postures, and arms control measures; and make recommendations for policymakers. The project’s findings will be presented in a report and related articles.

Jeremy Hodge, Anand Gopal, Daniel Rothenberg, Peter Bergen, and David Sterman will collaborate on an effort to explore whether Iran is collaborating with subnational Sunni proxies. They will undertake research and field work in the West Bank, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Oman, focusing on Iran’s efforts to collaborate with Sunni tribes, organized crime groups, and key opposition movements. The project’s findings will be presented in policy papers and a book.

Peter Bergen and David Sterman will research and write a book exploring the dynamics and lessons of the war against the Salafi jihadist movement. They will analyze primary and secondary source materials pertaining to U.S. decision-making in the Global War on Terror and conduct extensive interviews with U.S. decision makers as well as key policymakers of U.S. partners and allies.

Henry Sokolski will lead an effort to examine how the United States can prepare for the risks associated with wars involving nuclear and space powers. He will run a series of war games on such scenarios as conventional strikes against nuclear power plants, the use of nuclear weapons by U.S. allies or partners, adversary attacks against commercial satellites, and adversary use of space-enabled precision strikes. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and books.

Edward Lemon and Bradley Jardine will lead an effort to develop strategies to disrupt the “axis of aggressors” comprising China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea. They will commission analyses from a team of researchers gathering information from official media reports, social media, and interviews in order to assess the levels of trust and mistrust of the axis members toward one another.

Josh Lerner, Dimitris Papanikolaou, and Amit Seru will collect and analyze data on patents and intellectual property to estimate the level of innovation in China’s economy. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of articles.

Randall Schriver will lead an effort to identify indications and warnings that would precede a Chinese attack on Taiwan. The project will explore how China may use military activities in the Taiwan Strait to camouflage war preparations and how the U.S. intelligence community should modify its response to this new challenge. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Gabriel Collins, David Gantz, and Tony Payan will research and write a monograph examining the nature and extent of China’s efforts to expand its economic presence in Mexico. They will build a database on Chinese investments and economic activities in Mexico since 2008, conduct interviews with both U.S. and Mexican officials and business leaders, and organize four workshops to solicit feedback from expert communities.

Roger Zakheim will research and write a book exploring how the United States recapitalized and rebuilt the U.S. military during the presidency of Ronald Reagan.

Tom Keatinge, Kinga Redlowska, and Eliza Lockhart will explore how a “financial axis of adversaries” exploits the global financial system in order to harm the West. They will analyze available documentary source materials pertaining to the financial activities of America’s adversaries, conduct interviews in the United States and Europe, and organize workshops. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Natalie Sabanadze will examine Russia’s influence operations in what is commonly called the “global south” following its all-out invasion of Ukraine and will consider potential responses by the United States. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Pavel Luzin will research and write a book assessing Russia’s trajectory as a military and civilian space power. He will draw on Russian-language primary source materials, including official documents relating to Russia’s space activities, journals and reports associated with Russia’s military-industrial complex and space-related think tanks, and corporate reports from the state-owned firms and their subsidiaries that build out Russia’s space capabilities.

Glen Howard will research and write a book examining how the war in Ukraine is transforming NATO’s eastern flank. He will travel to the United Kingdom, Belgium, Poland, Ukraine, Romania, Moldova, Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan to interview current and former government officials about how the war in Ukraine is affecting European security and the evolving character of war.

Joshua Brandon, Brittany Egosque, Danny Santos, and Chaz Martin will lead an effort to explore whether the United States can effectively bolster the crisis preparedness and geopolitical resilience of Taiwan. They will work with Taiwanese government agencies, security forces, and civil society organizations to increase their collective capacities to respond to emergencies by improving collaboration, equipment, and training. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports.

H. R. McMaster and Nadia Schadlow will lead an effort to develop a network of rising policymakers across U.S. allies and partners who share a common outlook concerning contemporary geopolitical challenges and a willingness to develop responses to meet those challenges. They will convene a one-week seminar for rising policymakers from U.S. allies and partners and from the U.S. policy community, covering topics in the domains of national security and defense, politics and democracy, diplomacy and foreign policy, economics, and technology.

Matteo Maggiori, Jesse Schreger, Antonio Coppola, and Christopher Clayton will examine the efficacy and ramifications of U.S. efforts to use access to the U.S. financial sector as a tool of foreign policy. They will develop a cost-benefit calculus that countries and firms would face when deciding whether to comply with U.S. financial sanctions. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and briefs.

Jordan Becker will analyze the strategic discourse of states and assess how it shapes their policy actions. He will make use of artificial intelligence technologies to analyze national security strategy materials, ministerial statements, and defense budget data from as many as 100 countries in order to develop quantifiable metrics of how states understand great power relations and how that understanding correlates with material behavior. The project’s findings will appear in a series of articles.

Anne-Marie Brady will organize a series of workshops with the goal of bolstering the resilience of Pacific Island states in response to China’s malign influence. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of papers and policy briefs.

Mark Pomar will research and write a book exploring how the United States may best use its global media services to wage information warfare against Russia and other authoritarian adversaries.

Sheena Chestnut Greitens, Adam Klein, and Rana Siu Inboden will lead a project to examine China’s efforts to export its authoritarian institutional model. They will analyze Chinese thinking on how internal security is intertwined with overall national security, document China’s activities to export its internal security system, and explore what might be an effective competitive response rooted in Western rule-of-law systems. The project’s findings will be presented in a book, a policy report, and articles.

David Satter will research and write a book exploring the extent to which Russia’s revisionist, aggressive behavior is a legacy of Soviet communism.

Valerie Lincy will lead an effort to track Iran’s nuclear and ballistic missile programs and the evolution of arms control negotiations and the sanctions regime designed to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons. The project’s findings will be published on the Iran Watch website.

Gabriel Scheinmann will lead an effort to educate a rising generation of national security practitioners on the dynamics and policy demands of long-term great power competition. He will organize a series of seminars on security and strategy over the next two years, which will focus on competitions vis-à-vis China, Russia, and Iran.

Jacquelyn Deal, Stephen Rosen, and Aaron Friedberg will lead an effort to train rising national security professionals in methods of net assessment analysis to undertake long-term competitive strategic thinking and planning.

Richard Betts will organize an annual summer study program to train young scholars to analyze military strategy, combat operations, and defense budgets and programs.

Mark Kramer and Timothy Colton will edit the Journal of Cold War Studies and the Harvard Cold War Studies Book Series.

Kimberly Kagan, James Dubik, and Brian Babcock-Lumish will lead an effort to develop a cadre of young analysts in the policy community who understand the principles of strategy and the theory and practice of war.

John Rose will lead an effort to support the training of junior and mid-rank policy specialists in relevant strategic studies analysis at the Washington-based doctoral program of Missouri State University.

William Inboden will lead an effort to prepare students to undertake policy-relevant scholarship in history. He will host a one-week summer seminar in history and statecraft for graduate students and direct a microgrant program to support archival research, field work, and policy outreach by graduate students and faculty at the University of Texas.

Audrye Wong will research and write a book examining how China uses United Front diaspora organizations to shape political discourse and policy decisions in the United States and other democratic countries.

Susan Colbourn will research and write a book exploring how European leaders have sought to overcome the Cold War division of Europe from the years immediately following the Second World War to the present day.

Rachel Metz will research and write a book examining why the United States has difficulty building effective militaries in allied and partner states.

Aaron Bateman will research and write a book exploring how the nuclear age shaped the U.S. information networks that connect American leaders with military forces and allies spread across the world.

Kyle Pomerleau, Alex Brill, and James Capretta will lead the research program of a policy lab analyzing a variety of tax and spending proposals to improve the federal government’s fiscal balance. They will explore the future of the corporate tax, the potential revenue impacts of carbon taxes, and possible strategies to slow the growth in spending on entitlement programs. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, articles, and policy briefs.

Edward Glaeser and David Wessel will lead an effort to identify strategies to increase the efficiency of government-funded transportation spending. They will commission research related to procurement rules, the use of cost-benefit analysis in project selection, and the revision of rules to increase private-sector funding in projects. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports.

Harry Holzer and Elizabeth Rutschow will lead an effort to assess the role that community colleges could play in providing individuals with the kinds of short-term educational and training opportunities that have been shown to create economic opportunities for workers. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a policy brief.

Marcus Winters and Kirsten Slungaard Mumma will examine whether a large-scale school choice program can increase student achievement. They will analyze data from the Indianapolis school district to assess the educational impacts of students’ enrollment in a variety of district public schools and charter schools. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and policy briefs.

Janice Eberly and Jón Steinsson will commission and edit research on critical economic policy issues including the sustainability of federal budget deficits, the causes of rising home prices, the wealth effects associated with accommodative monetary policy, and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment rates. Commissioned work will be published in the biannual journal Brookings Papers on Economic Activity.

Edward Glaeser and David Wessel will lead an effort to identify strategies to increase the efficiency of government-funded transportation spending. They will commission research related to procurement rules, the use of cost-benefit analysis in project selection, and the revision of rules to increase private-sector funding in projects. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports.

Tara Watson and David Wessel will lead an effort to assess a variety of policy approaches that provide low-income parents with incentives for employment while protecting children from poverty. They will explore the employment and poverty-reduction impacts of the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and the Child Tax Credit (CTC), assess how those policies work in tandem, and commission a series of analyses related to the design and impacts of the EITC. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and policy briefs.

William Gale and Alan Auerbach will lead an effort to examine how policy analysts can most accurately estimate the effects of tax policy changes on U.S. government revenue and overall levels of economic growth. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Sarah Reber will examine the relationship between expenditures on primary and secondary schools and student academic achievement. She will analyze cross-state data on per-pupil spending in primary and secondary schools to understand better whether, and under what circumstances, increased spending leads to higher-performing schools and will compare those findings to new research suggesting increased spending leads to better student outcomes. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a policy brief.

Veronica Minaya and Judith Scott-Clayton will lead the research program of a policy lab examining how higher education can most effectively increase economic opportunity and social mobility. The lab will analyze data from the City University of New York on student characteristics and school performance alongside wage records from the state of New York to track student transitions from college to employment and to test a variety of interventions designed to support student success in the labor market. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, papers, and policy briefs.

Marc Goldwein will lead an effort to examine how policymakers could put the U.S. government’s finances on a more sustainable path. He will develop a set of policy proposals that could restore solvency to the trust funds providing support to retirees, disabled persons, and transportation infrastructure and assess the potential economic implications of waiting until the trust funds have been exhausted, in order to encourage earlier action by policymakers. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and policy briefs.

Hal Scott will lead an effort to examine patterns of borrowing by public companies to measure whether the availability of private credit is supplanting traditional bank lending or offering financing opportunities that otherwise would be difficult to secure, and to consider whether providers of private credit should be subjected to banklike regulation or allowed to continue operating with lower levels of supervision. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Heidi Williams will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on how best to increase innovation in the economy and boost economic growth. The lab will produce research on the extent to which intellectual property laws promote innovation, the effectiveness of research funding strategies at government agencies, and the role that immigrants play in fostering innovation. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of papers, reports, and policy briefs.

Nora Gordon and Kaylee Matheny will examine whether schools could be more effective if they changed how they allocated their resources. They will examine how school leaders decide how much to spend; how they prioritize spending across categories, such as teacher salaries and curricula; and the extent to which they draw on research to inform those decisions. The project’s findings will appear in a research paper and a policy brief.

Daniel Kreisman will lead the research program of a policy lab examining the extent to which career and technical education (CTE) offered in high school can provide students with the skills they need to succeed in school and employment. Working collaboratively with a team of researchers at various institutions, the lab will partner with several states and school districts to address questions related to the overall effectiveness of CTE programs. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of papers, reports, and policy briefs.

David Deming will research and write a book exploring the extent to which soft skills, such as teamwork, problem solving, and patience, help individuals succeed in school and employment. He will synthesize a body of research on the importance of soft skills and develop ideas for how such skills could be better developed by schools and other institutions.

Thomas Kane and Sarah Cohodes will lead an effort to examine whether charter schools that have demonstrated their success by increasing student achievement have similar positive effects on later-life outcomes, including college enrollment and completion, rates of employment, and earnings. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and policy briefs.

Stephen Hamilton will research and write a book exploring the role that apprenticeships could play in creating economic opportunities for young people from disadvantaged backgrounds. He will synthesize a body of research on the effectiveness of apprenticeships in the United States and elsewhere, identify the barriers to expanding apprenticeships in the United States, and explore how other countries have overcome those barriers.

in economic opportunity and social mobility. Working with a team of researchers affiliated with Opportunity Insights, she will undertake in-depth interviews with individuals living in communities that have experienced diverging trends in rates of intergenerational mobility to identify plausible hypotheses to explain those trends, including changes in patterns of employment, family formation, and community safety. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of papers and research briefs.

Gilda Azurdia will evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention designed to help first-generation college graduates from low-income backgrounds transition into well-paying careers. She will implement a randomized controlled trial of the COOP Careers Program, which identifies college graduates who are “underemployed” and enrolls them in a sixteen-week program to teach technical skills, connect with employers, and prepare for the job application and interview process. The project’s findings will be published in a report and a policy brief.

David Autor and Daron Acemoglu will lead the research program of a policy lab examining how technological change can be harnessed to increase employment and promote long-term gains in economic opportunity and social mobility. They will study how technologies such as automation and artificial intelligence are altering employment opportunities and will explore policy interventions that could allow workers of all skill levels to benefit from the productivity gains associated with new technologies. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a stream of papers and policy briefs.

David Autor and Daron Acemoglu will lead the research program of a policy lab examining how technological change can be harnessed to increase employment opportunities and promote long-term gains in economic opportunity and social mobility. They will study how technologies such as automation and artificial intelligence are altering employment opportunities and explore policy interventions that could allow workers of all skill levels to benefit from the productivity gains associated with new technologies. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a stream of papers and policy briefs.

James Poterba and Jeffrey Clemens will lead an effort to examine the fiscal policies of state and local governments. They will commission research on topics such as how post–COVID-19 migration patterns and the rise of remote work opportunities have affected state and local revenue systems, the long-term challenges states and localities face with health care costs, and the extent to which fiscal policy rules can shape public spending priorities. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Joel Rose will research and write a book assessing the shortcomings of recent school reform efforts and setting forth new ideas for how classroom instruction could be changed to support student learning.

Robert Seamans and Callen Anthony will lead the research program of a policy lab exploring how artificial intelligence (AI) technologies will shape the future of work and assessing how those changes might affect employment opportunities for workers from varying economic backgrounds. They will undertake a series of studies, such as an assessment of how AI will change the nature of well-paying “expert work” and how the introduction of AI technologies differs across local economies. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Jonathan Haidt will amplify the impact of his book The Anxious Generation: How the Great Rewiring of Childhood Is Causing an Epidemic of Mental Illness through a series of public events, media appearances, and initiatives to build coalitions with groups representing parents, educators, and public officials.

Eric Hanushek and Ludger Woessmann will direct the research program of a policy lab that will analyze data from international assessments of cognitive skills given to students in primary and secondary schools and to adults later in life. They will explore questions such as how school closures affected student performance during the COVID-19 pandemic, how accountability measures can shape student academic performance, and how cognitive skills are rewarded in the labor market. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of papers, policy briefs, and policy presentations.

Amar Bhidé will research and write a book exploring how entrepreneurs cope with and react to uncertainty in ways that lead to innovation, increased productivity, and a faster rate of economic growth.

Gary Hufbauer and Megan Hogan will assess the early impacts of the CHIPS and Science Act of 2022, which was designed to increase the development of the U.S. semiconductor industry. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Owen Zidar and Erik Zwick will research and write a book exploring income and wealth dynamics in the U.S. economy and assessing what these dynamics mean for tax policy, as well as for efforts to promote entrepreneurship and increase economic growth.

George Zuo will lead an effort to evaluate the degree to which a tax credit program can help low-income families move to neighborhoods where they can experience gains in employment, earnings, and financial stability. Using data from a large developer making use of the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit, the project will measure whether families eligible to reside in one of these developments move to high-opportunity neighborhoods and whether residing in those neighborhoods contributes to improvements in a variety of economic and social outcomes. The project’s findings will appear in three papers.

John Taylor will commission research and edit a volume assessing how a variety of approaches toward monetary policy have performed over the past fifty years. The volume will feature research on issues such as the Federal Reserve’s interpretation of its mandate, how the conduct of monetary policymaking has evolved over time, and the Federal Reserve’s role in regulating the financial sector.

Nicholas Bloom will direct the research program of a policy lab exploring how the increased prevalence of remote work is shaping employment opportunities for workers and the trajectory of U.S. economic growth. The lab will field a regular survey to gauge the prevalence of remote work, analyze a variety of data sources to assess how opportunities for remote work affect employment rates and training opportunities, and field randomized controlled trials to measure the impact of remote work on productivity. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, articles, and policy briefs.

Susanna Loeb will direct the research program of a policy lab examining the effectiveness of tutoring programs designed to help students recover from pandemic-related learning loss. The lab will field randomized controlled trials on a variety of tutoring-based interventions. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, policy briefs, and papers.

Michael Klein will edit the EconoFact website, which publishes explanatory pieces from leading economists working on policy-relevant topics.

Douglas Harris and Julie Marsh will direct the research program of a policy lab examining how a new wave of school voucher policies is changing the education landscape. They will examine the systemic effects of statewide voucher plans on increasing the supply of new schools, expanding the diversity of school options, and exerting competitive pressures that lead to closures of public and charter schools. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, papers, and policy briefs.

Emi Nakamura and Jón Steinsson will direct the research program of a policy lab exploring what kinds of macroeconomic policies can increase U.S. economic growth. They will create new datasets that can help economists answer macroeconomic questions concerning unemployment, inflation, and economic growth. The policy lab’s findings will be presented in a series of articles and shorter policy briefs.

Francesco Trebbi will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on measuring the costs of complying with regulations and assessing the extent to which those costs affect economic outcomes. He will link a variety of public- and private-sector databases to measure the cumulative costs of regulatory compliance on key economic outcomes. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of papers and its linked datasets will be made publicly available to the policy research community.

Briana Ballis and Andrew Johnston will lead an effort to better understand the impact of family structure and background on young people’s success in school and later in life. They will link data on student educational and employment outcomes with data from birth records, marriage and divorce records, residential histories, and criminal justice system records. Their merged data will make it possible to analyze the effects of family background on outcomes and to assess whether education-related interventions can mitigate challenging family circumstances. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Chad Syverson and Austan Goolsbee will lead an effort to examine productivity growth rates in a variety of industries and identify steps policymakers could take to increase productivity growth. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Ariel Kalil and Susan Mayer will research and write a book exploring how parents can help their children develop the skills that they need to succeed in school and later in life. They will synthesize research on the skills gap that exists between children from disadvantaged and more advantaged families and the extent to which that gap shapes children’s success later in life, and assess the effectiveness of a variety of interventions that can help parents play more effective roles in developing their children’s cognitive and noncognitive skills.

Bruce Meyer and Derek Wu will lead an effort to examine the trajectory of employment rates among working-aged men since the 1960s and identify policy options to increase male employment rates. They will measure the extent to which employment declines are related to demand factors (such as evolving economic conditions) or supply factors (such as the availability of income from public programs, opioid use, or incarceration). The project’s findings will appear in a series of research papers.

Dietrich Vollrath will research and write a book exploring the evolution of the economy into one characterized by contingency (the extent to which products, firms, and industries are dependent on the output of others).

Douglas Besharov will research and write a book assessing a variety of strategies to create economic opportunities for disadvantaged families. He will explore whether and under what circumstances support for low-income families should be made conditional on work and will develop new ideas for how best to design income support programs.

William Evans and James Sullivan will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on efforts to increase economic opportunities for disadvantaged families. They will evaluate programs sponsored by nonprofit organizations in a wide array of areas, such as helping students earn high school diplomas, supporting first-generation college students, assisting families at risk of homelessness, and increasing economic self-sufficiency. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, articles, policy briefs, and briefings.

Michael Gottfried and Vi-Nhuan Le will identify interventions that can improve opportunities for students to succeed academically and later in life by reducing rates of absenteeism from school. They will undertake a systematic research review and a meta-analysis of evaluations of interventions designed to reduce student absenteeism. The project’s findings will appear in a research paper and a policy brief.

Peter Conti-Brown will research and write a book examining the Federal Reserve’s evolving role in U.S. economic policymaking, with a particular emphasis on how it has expanded its influence over time.

Jason DeBacker will lead an effort to assess the extent to which place-based policies that create incentives for investment in economically distressed areas can spur growth and improve economic conditions over the long term. He will examine whether localities designated as Empowerment Zones and Enterprise Communities in the 1990s experienced faster growth in output, employment, and earnings than nearby communities not included in those designations. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Morgan Polikoff will research and write a book about how a series of “bad ideas” has undermined the quality of American schools, how those ideas were developed and implemented, and how an increasingly large and rigorous body of education policy research has both challenged them and offered more effective alternatives.

Paul von Hippel will employ a variety of analytical approaches to assess the degree to which Mississippi’s recently adopted approach to teaching reading—which emphasizes phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension—has affected the academic achievement of the state’s students. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and articles in policy-oriented publications.

Dean Spears and Michael Geruso will research and write a book examining the dynamics contributing to declining birth rates and exploring the potential economic and social consequences of steadily diminishing populations in the United States and globally

Philip Oreopoulos and Peter Bergman will examine whether computer-assisted learning programs can increase student performance and contribute to closing achievement gaps between students from different backgrounds. They will evaluate the effectiveness of a variety of computer-assisted learning programs, including those that use artificial intelligence technologies. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, papers, and policy briefs.

Daniel Goldhaber and Maia Goodman Young will examine how efforts to relax grading standards are shaping children’s educational outcomes. They will assess how the so-called “no-zeros” grading policy—which prevents teachers from giving grades below a certain threshold on exams, assignments, and courses—affects student academic achievement and course-taking. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and a policy brief.

Aaron Lobel will lead an effort to support innovation in U.S. political and cultural engagement abroad through the development of documentaries and entertainment programming supportive of universal values, which will be broadcast on local networks in Muslim-majority countries, including radio programs, documentaries, and dramatic films and series.

Chris Miller will measure the impact of economic sanctions on Russia, gauge the effectiveness of Russia’s efforts to evade sanctions, examine the extent to which export controls have limited Russia’s access to advanced technology, and assess the sources of Russia’s apparent resilience. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and briefings.

Frederick Kagan and Nicholas Carl will lead an effort to examine the campaigns of the Iranian-led coalition known as the Axis of Resistance. The project will translate a body of Iranian writings concerning Tehran’s regional strategy, examine the statements and publications of Iran’s partners, and use social media to conduct open-source analysis on both the Axis of Resistance and anti-regime activists in Iran. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Dan Blumenthal and Frederick Kagan will develop an approach to counter an effort by China to coerce or compel Taiwan to unify with the mainland. They will identify and analyze Chinese and Western sources to understand the changing nature of the Chinese threat, undertake research and meet with regional experts, host working group meetings, and run war game exercises using the planning exercise method employed by the U.S. military. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of reports, briefings, and publications.

Richard Harrison and Peter Garretson will organize a series of workshops to explore near-term scenarios that could have a significant impact on U.S. space strategy. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports.

Joshua Eisenman will research and write a book examining how countries that are not great powers but hold considerable sway in their own regions interact with, withstand, or succumb to China’s political and economic pressure.

S. Frederick Starr and Svante Cornell will lead an effort to developpolicies to address the security challenges facing the Central Asia–Caucasus region. They will analyze sources of unrest and instability inthe region; explore the efforts of external powers such as China, Russia,and Turkey to pursue geopolitical advantage in these states; and assesshow events in the region affect U.S. interests. The project’s findings willbe presented in a series of monographs and research papers.

Diana Choyleva will research and write a monograph analyzing China’s efforts to promote the use of the Chinese renminbi as an alternative to the U.S. dollar in the oil market.

Andrew Michta will research and write a book investigating three prospective scenarios for European security following the war in Ukraine and the implications of each for the transatlantic relationship.

Robert Soofer will study how the United States should adapt its homeland missile defense capabilities in response to North Korea’s growing ballistic missile capabilities, the possibility of a Russian or Chinese limited nuclear strike against the United States in the event of war, and the reinvigorated competition over missile defense technology. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

William Piekos will assess China’s efforts to use economic inducements to exercise political influence in the developing world. He will collect data and conduct field work to understand the economic and financial inducements provided by China and whether recipient countries have changed their policies on issues of importance to Beijing. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Mireya Solís will research and write a book exploring the evolution of the economic terrain of East Asia as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan adjust to China’s assertive geopolitical posture.

Sarah Yerkes will research and write a book exploring why some young democracies manage to overcome various challenges and preserve their democratic forms of government while others fail to do so.

Allen Maggard and Larry Henderson will develop a road map for how to most effectively target Western sanctions to degrade Russia’s military-industrial capabilities. They will analyze publicly available commercial and financial data involving Russian industries and foreign suppliers to identify choke points in the supply chain of foreign-manufactured precision machine tools. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Catherine Sendak will develop a long-term strategy for supporting Ukraine’s security and military modernization. She will analyze a range of policy architectures that might support Ukraine’s post-conflict security, such as U.S. aid and security programs to Colombia and Israel, and compare lessons from those historical cases to current proposals for assistance to Ukraine. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Richard Fontaine will lead an effort to explore how the United States might best compete for alignment with countries, such as Brazil, India, Indonesia, South Africa, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia, whose national security choices could have a pivotal impact on regional or global great power competition. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a series of papers.

Katherine Kuzminski will lead an effort to assess whether U.S. draft mobilization could support a deterrent strategy and to identify what institutional improvements should be made to ensure that a draft can support the mobilization of an effective fighting force should deterrence fail. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Cynthia Ayers will lead an effort to examine the potential effects of advanced technology weapons and critical infrastructure vulnerabilities on the stability of the strategic nuclear balance. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of reports.

Thomas Mahnken will research and write a monograph assessing how U.S. military services may better align their personnel management policies with the national security strategy emphasis on the Indo-Pacific region.

Madison Creery, Katherine Kjellström Elgin, and Tim Sadov will assess Russia’s options for rebuilding its military in the wake of the Ukraine war. They will develop a Russian strategic choices tool (SCT) that allows users to explore different force structure options in a budget-constrained environment and will use the SCT to conduct exercises that test various options for reconstituting the Russian military. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Katherine Kjellström Elgin will assess NATO’s defense posture and investments in the Baltic Sea region following the accession of Sweden and Finland to the alliance. She will review existing research, conduct field work in Sweden and Finland, and develop recommendations for those countries’ force structures over the next te

Mark Cancian, Eric Heginbotham, and Matthew Cancian will lead an effort to assess potential outcomes associated with a Chinese blockade of Taiwan. They will develop and execute a series of twenty war games that would test how different Chinese blockade approaches could interact with prospective U.S. and allied responses. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Ryan Berg will assess the extent to which China’s growing engagement in Latin America and the Caribbean is contributing to democratic backsliding in the region. He will examine the nature of Beijing’s engagement in the region, interview experts and practitioners in eighteen countries, and organize a pair of roundtable meetings. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Natasha Hall will research and write a book exploring how authoritarian regimes are learning from the repressive tactics employed during the Syrian civil war and how the United States might curb the use of such practices against established and nascent democracies.

Emily Harding will research and write a monograph assessing how the United States could effectively counter cyberattacks by U.S. adversaries. She will undertake a comparative study of Russian, Chinese, and Iranian cyber doctrine and capabilities and explore what kind of doctrine and operations the United States needs to deter or prevail over these adversaries.

Lucy Hornby will research and write a book exploring the career and mindset of President Xi Jinping. She will analyze Chinese- and Western-language materials pertaining to Xi’s life and conduct interviews with experts in Asia, Australia, Europe, and the United States.

Steve Tsang will research and write a book examining the statements and writings of Xi Jinping, collectively referred to as “Xi Jinping Thought,” in order to better understand China’s political and strategic trajectory.

Minxin Pei will edit the China Leadership Monitor, a quarterly journal examining developments and trends in Chinese leadership politics and the ways competition over power and policy are unfolding within the Chinese Communist Party and government.

Greg Scarlatoiu will lead an effort to examine regime stability in North Korea. He will draw on lessons from repressive political systems that either collapsed or embarked on political transitions to assess how well the North Korean regime has managed the COVID-19 pandemic, refugee outflows, and party-military relations. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of reports.

Scott Snyder will lead an effort to develop a blueprint for the U.S. and South Korean policy communities to coordinate and implement policy toward China. The research agenda will focus on supply chain resiliency, promoting joint development of emerging technologies, upholding shared democratic values and human rights, and developing joint strategies for crisis management. The project’s findings will be presented in a monograph, commissioned papers, and workshop reports.

Yong-Bee Lim and Christopher East will lead an effort to assess the national security implications of the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to biotechnology. The project’s findings will be published in a report.

John Kamm will lead an effort to examine human rights in China and to secure better treatment, sentence reductions, or clemency for individual political prisoners. He will conduct open-source research to document individual cases of persons imprisoned in China for their political or religious views or activities, undertake an unofficial human rights dialogue with representatives of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Justice, and engage in policy outreach. The project’s findings will be presented in occasional papers, reports, and policy briefings.

Rob Lee will research and write a book assessing the performance of Russia’s military during its invasion of Ukraine. He will develop and analyze an open-source intelligence database about the war in Ukraine and use the dataset to evaluate various explanations for the challenges Russia has faced on the battlefield.

Donald Jensen will assess the current and future roles of the Russian special services in the country’s political, business, and security systems. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Samantha Ravich and Mark Montgomery will lead an effort to catalyze improvements in cybersecurity policy and to pilot solutions for cyber challenges that lie at the nexus of policy and technology. The project’s output will include policy briefs, technical notes, articles, and demonstration projects.

Brenda Shaffer will research and write a book that develops proposals for an energy policy supporting four U.S. objectives: national security, economic prosperity, environmental sustainability, and preventing damaging impacts of climate change. She will investigate the costs and benefits of various energy policies pursued by other industrial countries through workshops and interviews with current and former policymakers.

David Adesnik and Jonathan Schanzer will research and write a book assessing what was called the “war between wars,” which Israel has conducted against Iran and its proxies. They will undertake historical research from the Second Lebanon War of 2006 to the present, interview Israeli military and intelligence officials, and interview current and former U.S. officials who interacted with Israeli counterparts over the war between wars.

Peter Doran will research and write a monograph exploring how the United States can most effectively engage in economic warfare with its adversaries. He will investigate the measures that Iran and Russia have used to evade U.S. sanctions, determine the degree to which those regimes are learning from each other’s sanctions-evasion successes, and assess how the United States can recapture an edge in economic warfare.

Nate Sibley will research and write a monograph assessing a variety of policies that the United States could adopt to address the challenge of global kleptocracy. He will produce a typology of kleptocracy, review the successes and setbacks of past U.S. policies to counter kleptocracy, and explore how the United States and its key allies could build a better anti-kleptocracy policy framework.

Hillel Fradkin, Husain Haqqani, and James Barnett will edit and publish the journal, Current Trends in Islamist Ideology.

Arthur Herman will research and write a book exploring how the United States and its democratic allies and partners can mobilize their technological and industrial capacities to compete more effectively with authoritarian rivals such as China and Russia.

John Lee will research and write a monograph exploring the nature of China’s strategy to advance its influence and interests in developing countries in the Indo-Pacific region.

Robert Atkinson will research and write a monograph assessing the innovativeness of the Chinese technological sector.

Philip Reiner will lead an effort to align the approaches of the U.S. government and leaders of the technology industry toward U.S.–China techno-industrial competition. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports.

Clare Lockhart, Deborah Wetzel, Jennifer Fox, and Alex Park will lead an effort to develop a reconstruction plan for Ukraine. They will consider how Ukraine should partner with donors, channel financing to ensure efficiency and accountability, restore the economy through regional linkages, and promote social cohesion. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports, memos, and short analyses for Ukrainian and international stakeholders.

Glen Howard and Arran Hope will edit and publish China Brief, a biweekly publication exploring developments and trends in Chinese leadership politics and China’s internal and foreign policies.

Vladimir Socor will edit and publish Eurasia Daily Monitor, a web-based publication that covers events and trends in the countries of the former Soviet Union as well as Central and Southeastern Europe and Central Asia.

Peter Chalk will research and write a book exploring the nature and evolution of jihadist movements in the post–bin Laden and post–Arab Spring era.

Joshua White will research and write a book examining how the United States and India can cooperate on the development of military technology. He will conduct interviews and undertake analysis to illuminate the reasons for the poor track record of U.S.–India defense technology cooperation, explore whether India could become better positioned to integrate advanced technologies into defense systems, and identify realistic areas for U.S.–India military technology cooperation in the future.

Weifong Zhong will develop an analytical tool to exploit big data to detect course changes in Chinese policies. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Iulia-Sabina Joja will research and write a book assessing U.S. interests and options in the Black Sea region. She will examine the risks associated with the Black Sea region’s emergence as a hub of expanding cooperation among Russia, China, and Iran and analyze evolving expectations of U.S. allies and partners in the region.

Lobsang Sangay and Dhardon Sharling will research and write a book developing a framework to empower refugee communities to become agents for democratic change in their homelands.

Michaela Dodge and Keith Payne will develop an intellectual road map for reinforcing U.S. nuclear guarantees to its allies in the face of increasing capabilities of and threats by nuclear and suspected nuclear adversaries. They will analyze declassified and open-source material and conduct interviews with policymakers and experts in allied countries. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Christopher Williams and James Frelk will lead an effort to research how the United States can better protect its national interests in an increasingly contested space environment. They will commission and hold workshops on the emerging strategic environment in space. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and an edited volume.

Bill Hamblet, Brian O’Rourke, and Paul Giarra will lead an effort to explore the future of U.S. sea services. They will commission research on issues related to naval warfare; sponsor an essay contest, open to all authors, on operational aspects of the future of naval power; and publish follow-on articles by senior leaders and other authors. The findings from the project will be published in USNI forums and an issue of its magazine, Proceedings.

Sarah Paine will research and write a book examining the origins of the Cold War and the enduring advantages that the United States enjoyed as a maritime power during that competition.

Peter Bergen and David Sterman will research and write a book exploring the dynamics and lessons of the war against the Salafi jihadist movement. They will analyze primary and secondary source materials pertaining to U.S. decision-making in the Global War on Terror and conduct extensive interviews with U.S. decision makers as well as key policymakers of U.S. partners and allies.

Henry Sokolski will lead an effort to identify how the U.S. government could improve national security outcomes by reforming procedures for handling classified information. He will organize a series of workshops to address issues with how U.S. national security agencies manage the classification process and to identify proposals to reduce inefficiencies associated with excessive classification. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Henry Sokolski will lead an effort to examine how the United States can prepare for the risks associated with wars involving nuclear and space powers. He will run a series of war games on such scenarios as conventional strikes against nuclear power plants, the use of nuclear weapons by U.S. allies or partners, adversary attacks against commercial satellites, and adversary use of space-enabled precision strikes. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and books.

Andreas Kuehn will research and write a book exploring how the United States and its allies can most effectively cooperate to manage critical digital technology in the context of competition with rivals like China and Russia. He will assess the viability of technology alliances in areas including 5G communications and semiconductor manufacturing.

Robert York and Brad Glosserman will edit and publish Comparative Connections, a journal tracking the evolution of the key bilateral relationships in East Asia.

David Santoro, Duyeon Kim, and Miles Pomper will research and write a monograph assessing the potential benefits, costs, and risks of various arrangements to share control of U.S. nuclear weapons deployed in the Indo-Pacific region.

Robert Nicholson and Liza Ashley will lead an effort to examine the ideological landscape of the Arab world. They will hold a conference at which scholars will contrast and weigh the merits of the worldviews of Edward Said and Charles Malik on questions including the role of universal values, such as human rights, in the political belief systems of Arab publics. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Ethan Kapstein will research and write a book exploring how to manage competing economic interests that may affect alliance cohesion. He will examine debates among NATO members over issues such as defense burden-sharing, trade with and energy reliance on Eastern Bloc countries, and contemporary economic relations with China.

Lee Hsi-Min and Eric Lee will research and write a book assessing how Taiwan should optimize its defense capabilities posture in response to the growing threat from China. They will conduct interviews in the United States and Taiwan and organize a pair of roundtable discussions with experts and former officials in Washington and Taipei.

Sidharth Kaushal will research and write a book examining approaches to long-term military competition with Russia. He will examine the long-term vulnerabilities of NATO and Russia, assess the drivers of Russian decision-making, and conduct three case studies that explore the merits of specific cost-imposing strategies.

Antonio Giustozzi, Joana de Deus Pereira, Olivia Allison, and Marco Lombardi will lead an effort to examine Russia’s use of the Wagner Group, a private military security company active in the war in Ukraine and deployed to various countries in Africa and the Middle East. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of reports and briefs.

David Kearn will research and write a book assessing the evolution of U.S. nuclear strategy under the shadow of “mutually assured destruction” (MAD) during the 1970s and identify insights from those debates that can inform thinking about the challenges associated with deterring multiple nuclear-armed adversaries today.

H. R. McMaster and Nadia Schadlow will lead an effort to develop a network of rising policymakers across U.S. allies and partners who share a common outlook concerning contemporary geopolitical challenges and a willingness to develop responses to meet those challenges. They will convene a one-week seminar for rising policymakers from U.S. allies and partners across the Indo-Pacific region and Europe, as well as from the U.S. policy community, covering topics in the domains of national security and defense, politics and democracy, diplomacy and foreign policy, economics, and technology.

Anne-Marie Brady, Larry Diamond, and Glenn Tiffert will organize a series of workshops with the goal of bolstering the resilience of Pacific Island states in response to China’s malign influence. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of papers and policy briefs.

Assessing Russia’s future trajectory by investigating views among Russians toward their government, their country, and their role in shaping the future of the country. They will conduct interviews with émigrés, average Russians living in Russia, and others; field a survey of broadly representative samples of Russian citizens; and analyze social media.

Sheena Chestnut Greitens, Adam Klein, and Rana Siu Inboden will lead a project to examine China’s efforts to export its authoritarian institutional model. They will analyze Chinese thinking on how internal security is intertwined with overall national security, document China’s activities to export its internal security system, and explore what might be an effective competitive response rooted in Western rule-of-law systems. The project’s findings will be presented in a book, a policy report, and articles.

Valerie Lincy will edit and publish Iran Watch, a publication focused on issues related to the nuclear and ballistic missile programs of Iran, the evolution of arms control negotiations, and the sanctions regime designed to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons.

Seth Cropsey and Harry Halem will research and write a book developing a strategy to deal with security challenges across Eurasia. They will research the nature of Eurasian security challenges; conduct field work in Taiwan, Ukraine, and the Middle East; and undertake war games that involve three-theater contingencies and operations.

Gabriel Scheinmann will lead an effort to educate a rising generation of national security practitioners on the dynamics of long-term great power competition vis-à-vis China, Russia, and Iran.

Jacquelyn Deal, Stephen Rosen, and Aaron Friedberg will conduct a series of executive education courses for rising national security professionals to instruct them in methods of net assessment analysis and how to undertake long-term competitive strategic thinking and planning.

Richard Betts will organize an annual summer study program to train young scholars to analyze military strategy, combat operations, and defense budgets and programs.

Mark Kramer and Timothy Colton will edit the Journal of Cold War Studies and the Harvard Cold War Studies book series.

Kimberly Kagan, James Dubik, and Brian Babcock-Lumish will lead an effort to develop a cadre of young analysts in the policy community who understand the principles of strategy and the theory and practice of war.

John Rose will lead an effort to support the training of junior and mid-rank policy specialists in relevant strategic studies analysis at the Washington-based doctoral program of Missouri State University.

William Inboden will lead an effort to prepare students to undertake policy-relevant scholarship in history. He will host a one-week summer seminar in history and statecraft for graduate students and direct a microgrant program to support archival research, field work, and policy outreach by graduate students and faculty at the University of Texas.

Anna Meyerrose will research and write a book examining the extent to which international integration and efforts to promote democratic development have contributed to democratic backsliding in countries such as Poland and Hungary.

Maria Snegovaya will research and write a book exploring the foreign policy preferences of Russian elites and assess how they have shaped the country’s strategic behavior.

Ayumi Teraoka will research and write a book assessing U.S. and Chinese approaches toward the development of alliances with a focus on the value that allied countries place on maintaining their autonomy across a variety of issues.

Will Freeman will research and write a book examining why Latin American countries, including Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico, and Peru, have been unable to establish strong rule-of-law norms that ensure that laws are enforced equally and adjudicated independently.

Jaehan Park will research and write a book exploring the history of great power rivalry in East Asia through an assessment of the motivations undergirding decisions made by Japan, Russia, and the United States.

April Herlevi will research and write a book exploring how China has used Special Economic Zones as a form of industrial policy to maintain central guidance, promote technological innovation, and stimulate local adaptation.

Keren Zhu will research and write a book assessing the local socioeconomic, environmental, and security implications of Chinese-funded megaprojects in the developing world.

Dan Goldhaber, Thomas Kane, and Andrew McEachin will lead the research program of a policy lab focused on identifying strategies that schools can use to help students recover from learning loss caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. They will work school districts implementing a variety of interventions, including supplemental Saturday instruction, summer programming, and extended school days. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, papers, and briefings for policymakers and school administrators.

Tim Kane will research and write a book exploring how technology and market forces have reduced the costs of many of the advances enjoyed by most Americans and examining whether those reduced costs make measured gross domestic product lower than it would be if market values better reflected how much Americans would be willing to pay for those advances.

Seth Gershenson will research and write a book assessing the relationship between teachers’ expectations for their students and the success those students achieve in school and later in life. He will distill lessons from research related to teacher expectations for student success and the value of accurate and rigorous grading standards to develop an argument that teachers and schools should take steps to ensure that they maintain high expectations for all students, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds.

Douglas Harris will work with a group of scholars to prepare, edit, and continuously update a handbook synthesizing research on questions related to early childhood education, primary and secondary education, and post-secondary education and training.

Ben Wildavsky will research and write a book examining the ways that a variety of countries have combined university education, career and technical education, and opportunities for lifelong learning to ensure that individuals are adequately prepared for employment throughout their careers.

Shaun Dougherty will research and write a book exploring how to increase access to and the quality of career and technical education (CTE). He will synthesize existing research on the effectiveness of various CTE programs and address challenges to improving the quality of CTE programs, such as how to increase program intensity, how to incorporate work-based learning, and how to overcome staffing shortages.

James Bessen and Michael Meurer will examine whether the dominance of large firms in certain industries limits innovation in ways that slow productivity growth and economic output. They will analyze whether larger firms invest disproportionately more in technology than smaller firms, whether those investments enable productivity gains, and how changes in the investment patterns of large firms over time affect opportunities for small but innovative firms to grow. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Sanjay Patnaik will direct the research program of the Center on Regulation and Markets policy lab. He will commission and publish research on a wide variety of questions related to the regulation of emerging technologies, particularly those making use of artificial intelligence. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, papers, and briefings for the policy community.

Janice Eberly and Jón Steinsson will commission and edit research on critical economic policy issues including the sustainability of federal budget deficits, the causes of rising home prices, the wealth effects associated with accommodative monetary policy, and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment rates. Commissioned work will be published in the biannual journal Brookings Papers on Economic Activity.

Louise Sheiner and David Wessel will lead an effort to explore how best to measure the strength of the labor market and its relationship to inflation dynamics. They will convene a conference of leading economists to consider a variety of questions related to the labor market since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Sarah Reber will examine the relationship between expenditures on primary and secondary schools and student academic achievement. She will analyze cross-state data on per-pupil spending in primary and secondary schools to understand better whether, and under what circumstances, increased spending leads to higher-performing schools and will compare those findings to new research suggesting increased spending leads to better student outcomes. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a policy brief.

Raj Chetty, David Deming, John Friedman, and Nathaniel Hendren will lead the research program of a policy lab examining the effectiveness of a variety of pathways to increase economic opportunity for adults and children from disadvantaged backgrounds. They will assess the role of post-secondary education in promoting opportunity, evaluate place-based efforts to improve neighborhood opportunity, and identify long-term drivers of economic opportunity. The policy lab will disseminate its findings through a series of papers, policy briefs, and presentations for members of the policy community.

Katharine Stevens will lead an effort to assess the relationship between family background and student success in school. She will analyze data from the National Assessment of Educational Progress that includes information on family structure and educational attainment of students’ mothers, and consider how a richer set of data on student backgrounds could inform policy design and analysis. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Veronica Minaya and Judith Scott-Clayton will lead the research program of a policy lab examining how public and private investments in higher education can most effectively contribute to increased economic opportunity and social mobility. The lab will analyze data from the City University of New York on student characteristics and performance in school alongside wage records from the state of New York to develop analyses of student transitions from college to employment and to test a variety of interventions designed to support student success in the labor market. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, papers, and policy briefs.

Christopher Wimer, Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, and Jane Waldfogel will evaluate an intervention that combines parenting education with the opportunity to earn material goods that can improve the health and development of young children. The project’s findings will appear in a paper and a policy brief.

Thomas Toch and Peg Tyre will examine how some school districts have sought to maintain the rigor of their advanced education programs while expanding access to students from disadvantaged backgrounds. They will develop a “playbook” for school leaders seeking to increase representation of disadvantaged students in advanced classes through reforms such as the adoption of universal screening and making advanced classes available in early grades.

Daniel Kreisman will lead the research program of a policy lab examining the extent to which career and technical education (CTE) offered in high school can provide students with the skills they need to succeed in school and employment. Working collaboratively with a team of researchers at various institutions, the lab will partner with several states and school districts to address questions related to the overall effectiveness of CTE programs. The findings of this policy lab will appear in a series of papers, reports, and policy briefs.

Caleb Watney will lead an effort to develop a framework for assessing the effectiveness of a variety of approaches to support innovation, including grants, loan guarantees, tax incentives, and public procurement. The project’s findings will appear in a report and on an interactive Innovation Atlas website that will allow users to identify the policy mechanism that would best meet their objectives.

Josh Angrist, Parag Pathak, and Jack Mountjoy will examine whether charter schools with records of increasing levels of academic achievement also have positive long-term economic and social impacts on children from low-income families. They will analyze data from admissions lotteries sponsored by charter management organizations in Texas to assess whether winning a slot in one of these schools leads to changes in rates of college enrollment and completion, levels of employment and earnings, and risk of involvement in the criminal justice system. The project’s findings will be published in a series of papers.

David Autor and Daron Acemoglu will lead the research program of a policy lab examining how technological change can be harnessed to increase employment opportunities and promote long-term gains in economic opportunity and social mobility. They will study how technologies such as automation and artificial intelligence are altering employment opportunities and explore policy interventions that could allow workers of all skill levels to benefit from the productivity gains associated with new technologies. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a stream of papers and policy briefs.

Alyssa Ratledge will lead an effort to field a randomized controlled trial of Montana 10, a program that includes a comprehensive set of financial, academic, and student support services offered at seven public colleges and universities in the state. The analysis will measure the impacts of the interventions on academic outcomes, including course taking, grades, and degree attainment. The project’s findings will appear in a series of research reports and policy briefs.

Emily Mohr will direct the research program of the Education Policy Innovation Collaborative, a policy lab examining Michigan’s efforts to improve the quality of its schools. The lab will assess Michigan’s Partnership Model, which deploys a variety of supports and mandates to improve low-performing schools and districts. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, policy briefs, and articles.

Laurence Ball and Yuriy Gorodnichenko will lead an effort to examine the causes and consequences of the recent surge in inflation in the U.S. economy. They will commission work from leading economists to address issues such as the role of inflation expectations in driving the current bout of inflation, the Federal Reserve’s measures of economic slack, and how inflationary shocks in certain sectors contributed to the rise in core inflation. The project’s findings will appear in a series of working papers, journal articles, and short summaries.

Eric Hanushek and Ludger Woessmann will direct the research program of a policy lab that will analyze data from international assessments of cognitive skills given to students in primary and secondary schools and to adults later in life. They will explore questions such as how school closures affected student performance during the COVID-19 pandemic, how accountability measures can shape student academic performance, and how cognitive skills are rewarded in the labor market. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of papers, policy briefs, and policy presentations.

Karen Dynan, Adam Posen, and David Wilcox will lead an effort to assess how the Federal Reserve responded to the recent inflationary surge in the U.S. economy. They will commission research exploring key questions such as whether the Federal Reserve should have reacted sooner or differently to expansive fiscal policies, whether it misread the tightness in the labor market, and whether the framework it announced in 2021 slowed its response as inflationary pressures began to rise. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and policy briefs and a final volume of the commissioned analyses.

Owen Zidar and Erik Zwick will research and write a book exploring income and wealth dynamics in the U.S. economy and assessing what they mean for tax policy, as well as efforts to promote entrepreneurship and increase economic growth.

George Zuo will lead an effort to evaluate the degree to which a tax credit program can help low-income families move to neighborhoods where they can experience gains in employment, earnings, and financial stability. Using data from a large developer making use of the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit, the project will measure whether families eligible to reside in one of these developments move to high-opportunity neighborhoods and whether residing in those neighborhoods contributes to improvements in a variety of economic and social outcomes. The project’s findings will appear in three papers.

Richard Morgenstern and Arthur Fraas will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on assessing the economic costs and benefits of regulations. They will commission retrospective analyses of existing regulations covering air and water quality, develop guidelines for how best to undertake retrospective analyses, and work with a bipartisan group of lawmakers who are developing legislation to make retrospective analysis a part of the regulation policy process. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, papers, and briefings for policymakers.

Michael Bordo and Edward Prescott will research and write a book exploring whether the decentralized structure of the Federal Reserve has contributed to the development of effective monetary policies in the past. They will analyze the historical role that regional Federal Reserve Banks have played in developing policy ideas such as monetarism, transparency, and price-level targeting and introducing them into monetary policy debates among officials at the Federal Reserve Board and elsewhere.

Susanna Loeb will direct the research program of a policy lab examining how tutoring programs can be used to help students recover from learning loss attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic and to close achievement gaps between students from disadvantaged backgrounds and their peers. Lab researchers will evaluate the effectiveness of various tutoring models implemented by school districts and charter school networks. The lab’s findings will appear in a series of research papers and policy briefs.

Jeffrey Zabel, Keren Horn, and Henry Pollakowski will examine how individuals fare after being laid off from work. They will analyze the trajectories of workers who lost their jobs during the Great Recession to examine how job loss affected their employment, earnings, and geographic location. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Emi Nakamura and Jón Steinsson will direct the research activities of a policy lab exploring what kinds of macroeconomic policies can increase U.S. economic growth. They will create new datasets that can help economists answer macroeconomic questions concerning unemployment, inflation, and economic growth. The lab’s findings will be presented in a series of articles and shorter policy briefs.

David Card, Cecile Gaubert, Hilary Hoynes, Patrick Kline, Enrico Moretti, Jesse Rothstein, and Danny Yagan will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on exploring the effectiveness of policies designed to support local economies and promote economic opportunity for disadvantaged individuals living in distressed areas. They will analyze disparities in economic opportunity across geographic areas, examine factors that enable some places to prosper to a greater degree than others, and assess policy interventions designed to promote growth and opportunity in distressed areas. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of papers, reports, and policy briefs.

Francesco Trebbi will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on measuring the costs of complying with regulations and assess the extent to which those costs affect economic outcomes. He will link a variety of public- and private-sector databases to measure the cumulative costs of regulatory compliance on key economic outcomes. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of papers and its linked datasets will be made publicly available to the policy research community.

Till von Wachter will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on how the unemployment insurance (UI) system can be used to promote employment and upward mobility. The lab will make use of twenty years of employment and earnings records of workers in California to examine how well the UI system promotes labor force participation and reemployment and supports households during periods of unemployment. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, papers, and policy briefs.

Erin Hogan will assess the impacts of an initiative to reform how elementary school students in Mississippi are taught to read. She will explore how the state implemented its program to teach children to read by stressing phonics, vocabulary, and comprehension, which appears to have improved the performance of Mississippi elementary school students on national reading assessments. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Evan Starr and Bo Cowgill will examine the extent to which noncompete agreements between employers and employees affect the productivity and future employment prospects of workers. The project’s findings will appear in an article.

Steven Hemelt and Samantha Raynor will evaluate the effectiveness of a program designed to increase college completion rates at a large public university. They will field a randomized controlled trial to test whether an intervention that offers enhanced advising on academics and financial aid to students halfway through their college experience can increase their rate of degree attainment. The project’s findings will appear in a paper, a policy brief, and a series of briefings for university administrators.

Chloe Gibbs and Abigail Wozniak will examine whether signaling to employers that a high school graduate has acquired what are known as “soft skills” can increase employment and earnings for young people who opt to go directly to employment after graduation. The project’s findings will appear in a paper, a policy brief, and briefings for public officials in Indiana.

William Evans and James Sullivan will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on efforts to increase economic opportunities for disadvantaged families. They will develop evaluations of programs sponsored by nonprofit organizations in a wide array of areas. These include programs to help students earn high school diplomas, to support first-generation college students, to assist families at risk of homelessness, and to increase economic self-sufficiency. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, articles, policy briefs, and briefings.

Michael Gottfried and Vi-Nhuan Le will identify interventions that can improve opportunities for students to succeed academically and later in life by reducing rates of absenteeism from school. They will undertake a systematic research review and a meta-analysis of evaluations of interventions designed to reduce student absenteeism. The project’s findings will appear in a research paper and a policy brief.

Peter Conti-Brown and Itay Goldstein will lead an effort to identify risks in the financial sector that would create systemwide instability and present ideas for how those risks could be managed. They will explore topics such as the introduction of stablecoins and the growth of collateralized loan obligations. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Dean Spears and Michael Geruso will research and write a book examining the dynamics contributing to declining birth rates and exploring the potential economic and social consequences of steadily diminishing populations in the United States and globally.

Jason Delisle will examine the feasibility of using earnings data to hold universities accountable for the extent to which they create economic opportunities for their students. He will analyze the earnings of students after they leave school and explore how earnings vary by institution, program, and time since degree completion in order to assess a variety of proposals that hold institutions accountable for their results by limiting access to federal grant and student loan programs. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a policy brief.

Thomas Brosy, Benjamin Page, Eric Toder, and David Brazell will analyze data from more than 100,000 corporate tax returns to measure how firms responded to a change in the tax law that allowed full deduction of the cost of new capital investments and then estimate how any such changes in investment could affect the trajectory of growth in economic output. The project’s findings will appear in a research report and a policy brief.

Jason Jabbari and Stephen Roll will examine whether intensive training programs in computer coding combined with apprenticeships can increase employment opportunities and earnings for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds. They will evaluate the effectiveness of programs run by LaunchCode, one of the largest coding “bootcamp” models in the United States. The project’s findings will appear in a report, a policy brief, and a research paper.

Sari Pekkala Kerr, Deniz Çivril, and William Kerr will examine how employers respond to changes in minimum wage laws and how such changes affect opportunities for employment as well as firm formation, survival, and growth. They will analyze data linking information on employees and their employers to measure how changes in state and local minimum wage laws affect firms’ decisions regarding employment and investment. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Aaron Lobel will lead an effort to develop and broadcast public affairs and purpose-driven entertainment programs in partnership with local networks in Muslim-majority countries. The programming will highlight universal values and seek to counter extremist thought as well as Iranian influence. The effort will also bring creative talent from the United States to work with local writers and media firms in the region to develop marketable entertainment programming.

Michael Green and Peter Dean will research and write a monograph examining Japan’s defense strategy and efforts to enhance the U.S.-Japan alliance. They will commission research papers, convene expert workshops, conduct a survey, and develop a blueprint for Japan’s defense modernization as well as needed reforms to U.S. management of the bilateral security alliance.

Zack Cooper will research and write a monograph assessing the viability of a variety of U.S. policies to build and shape coalitions to counter Chinese influence around the world. He will develop a typology for coalitions and organize a series of workshops to test how best to tailor coalition strategies to meet the various challenges posed by China.

Frederick Kagan and Dan Blumenthal will develop an approach to counter an effort by China to coerce or compel Taiwan to unify with the mainland. They will identify and analyze Chinese and Western sources to understand the changing nature of the Chinese threat; undertake research and meet with regional experts; host working group meetings; and run war game exercises using the planning exercise method employed by the U.S. military. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of reports, briefings, and publications.

S. Frederick Starr and Svante Cornell will lead an effort to develop policies to address the security challenges facing the Central Asia-Caucasus region in an era of renewed great power pressures, particularly from Russia and China, and the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan. They will analyze forces driving unrest and instability in the region; explore the efforts of external powers such as China, Russia, and Turkey to pursue geopolitical advantage in these states; examine the ways that events in the region affect shifting global balances and potential political/military scenarios; and assess how regional issues relate to wider U.S. policy priorities. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of monographs and research papers.

Niklas Swanström and Fredrik Erixon will research and write a book exploring how the United States and the European Union could cooperate to decrease their dependence on China-dominated or China-centric supply chains for critical materials, components for manufacturing, and finished goods. They will analyze data on supply chain networks linking the United States, the E.U., and China and conduct interviews in Washington, Brussels, and various European capitals.

Stephen Cambone will lead a team of researchers to examine how China’s leaders are preparing for information or “cognitive” warfare and to explore whether the United States should revise the military’s Unified Command Plan and other mechanisms to enable a more effective response to China’s global challenge. The project’s findings will be presented in a monograph and a series of papers.

Emily de La Bruyère and Nathan Picarsic will examine how China frames and operationalizes a strategy to dominate global networks in domains such as technology, energy, and finance. They will examine primary source documents on Chinese investment funds, patents, and science and technology prizes and engage in field research to interview experts and practitioners in key competitive domains. The project’s findings will appear in a series of monographs and reports.

Matthew Kroenig will research and write a book assessing whether U.S. global leadership has made the United States and the world more secure, rich, and free. He will conduct case studies that compare global security, economic development, and governance before and during the period of U.S. global leadership and will explore the implications of U.S. leadership for contending theories of international relations.

Hardy Merriman, Patrick Quirk, Daniel Fried, and Ash Jain will explore how the United States can advance the ideological competition against its authoritarian rivals by supporting nonviolent civil resistance movements and coordinating pressure on repressive regimes. They will undertake research and convene a pair of policy workshops through which they will investigate the best approaches for supporting civil resistance movements, how to advance the normative right to assist such movements, and new options for imposing costs on repressive regimes. The project’s findings will be published in a playbook for policymakers.

Richard Morningstar, Randolph Bell, Reed Blakemore, Olga Khakova, and András Simonyi will develop a blueprint to bolster European energy security in the aftermath of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of issue briefs and a report.

Ash Jain and Matthew Kroenig will research and write a book that develops a strategy for the United States and its democratic allies in their competition with autocratic rivals Russia and China. They will explore the evolving strategic challenges facing the United States and synthesize findings from existing research on the prospects for greater security, economic, and technology cooperation among the democratic powers.

Hadi Ghaemi and Karen Kramer will explore how the United States could integrate a human rights agenda into U.S. policy toward Iran. They will research Iranian primary sources; conduct interviews and discussions with key members of Iranian civil society; track and analyze the official and semi-official press in Iran, as well as monitoring Persian-language social media platforms that reflect societal trends and dynamics in Iran; and engage with U.S. policymakers. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Stacie Pettyjohn will assess the role that unmanned aerial vehicles could play in a U.S.–China conflict. She will examine the proliferation of drone technology; study how drones were used during conflicts in Libya, Nagorno-Karabakh, and Ukraine; organize a war game on prospective roles for drones in a U.S.–China conflict; and travel to Japan and Taiwan to solicit regional input. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Lisa Curtis will examine the prospects for military conflict between India and China and assess a variety of options for how U.S. policymakers might respond to such a scenario. She will analyze Indian and Chinese official documents and secondary source literature on China-India relations; organize roundtables and workshops; and conduct field work in India and Track II meetings with Chinese experts. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Emily Kilcrease will assess a variety of strategic, operational, and tactical plans for employing coercive economic measures in a prospective geopolitical crisis with China. She will engage in an economic data-mapping exercise; hold interviews with policymakers, academic experts, and private-sector actors in the United States and major allies; and organize workshops for scenario exercises. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Anthony Vinci will research and write a book assessing how the U.S. intelligence community could be reformed to more effectively meet the challenges of great power competition. He will identify weaknesses in the U.S. intelligence community; explore historical patterns of successful transformation; and develop recommendations for structural, organizational, operational, technological, and cultural reforms.

Jack Bianchi and Gabriel Collins will explore whether China’s growing overseas infrastructure could become a vulnerability for Beijing. They will assess the character and scale of China’s overseas infrastructure investments; identify vulnerabilities based upon such characteristics as the ownership structure of those assets; compare options for exploiting or defending prospective vulnerabilities; and conduct a workshop and a war game to test the merits of proposed policy options. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Travis Sharp will investigate the dynamics of the U.S.-China “cost contest,” in which the powers seek to allocate defense resources most efficiently in the context of their larger military competition. He will undertake research and organize a workshop to assess the dynamics of the cost contest in three domains over the past two decades: ground-based long-range fires; aircraft carrier operations; and space-based command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, reconnaissance, and surveillance. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Katherine Kjellström Elgin will assess NATO’s defense posture and investments in the Baltic Sea region following the accession of Sweden and Finland to the alliance. She will review existing research, conduct field work in Sweden and Finland, and undertake a pair of exercises that use CSBA’s strategic-choices tool to analyze and develop recommendations for Sweden’s and Finland’s force structure options over the next ten years. The project’s findings will be presented in a pair of reports.

Charles Edel will research and write a book identifying insights gleaned from past U.S. competitions with authoritarian powers and exploring how those insights could be used in contemporary competitions with China, Russia, and other authoritarian rivals.

Kaitlyn Johnson will assess U.S. interests in the zone of space that extends from geosynchronous Earth orbit to the moon, known as “cislunar space.” She will undertake research and interviews with leaders in U.S. civil, military, and commercial space enterprises and host a workshop at which experts will assess cislunar space strategies. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Ryan Berg will assess the extent to which China’s growing engagement in Latin America and the Caribbean is contributing to democratic backsliding in the region. He will examine the nature of Beijing’s engagement in the region, interview experts and practitioners in eighteen countries, and organize a pair of roundtable meetings. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Cynthia Cook, John Schaus, and Gregory Sanders will research and write a monograph analyzing economic and trade data to assess the extent to which export restrictions can be an effective tool of coercion. The project’s findings will be presented in a monograph.

Logan Wright and Allen Feng will research and write a monograph assessing the successes and failures of China’s efforts to manage its debt crisis. They will analyze primary Chinese source materials and secondary literature on the Chinese economy, and examine China’s political messaging, monetary policy adjustments, credit policy for local government borrowing, reorganization of government bureaucracies, and regulations on bank funding structures.

William Reinsch and Emily Benson will develop a blueprint for the use of export controls to prevent adversaries from improving key military capabilities through commerce in dual-use technologies. They will analyze current regulatory systems and export control regulations and consult with current and former U.S. and foreign government officials, business leaders, and academic and policy experts. The project’s findings will be presented in two reports and a monograph.

Gregory Allen will examine U.S. policy toward the semiconductor industry in the context of great power competition. He will undertake research; interview industry and governmental leaders; and conduct field work with semiconductor manufacturers in the United States, Taiwan, China, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Gerard DiPippo will assess the potential role that economic sanctions might play if China engages in aggression against Taiwan. He will explore the respective vulnerabilities and strengths of the U.S. and Chinese economies in terms of coercive economic sanctions, assess the likelihood and efficacy of China’s mitigation measures to U.S. sanctions, and evaluate the sustainability and evolution of any hypothetical U.S. sanctions regime over time. The project’s findings will be presented in three reports.

Conor Savoy and Daniel Runde will examine how U.S. development assistance tools could be used to strengthen the resilience of strategic supply chains in the context of U.S.-China economic decoupling. They will undertake research on U.S. efforts to strengthen its supply chains; organize roundtable discussions with policy and business leaders; and interview officials, business stakeholders, and supply chain experts. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Seth Jones will lead an effort to develop a U.S. force posture in Europe in the wake of Russia’s war against Ukraine. He will assess three notional force posture options for the United States in Europe that reflect varying degrees of direct U.S. commitment to security on the continent, refine those options through a combination of research and interviews, identify an optimal approach, and suggest policy recommendations to implement it. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Steve Tsang will research and write a book examining the statements and writings of Xi Jinping, collectively referred to as “Xi Jinping Thought,” to better understand China’s political and strategic trajectory.

Sanam Vakil and Neil Quilliam will research and write a monograph assessing the extent to which Israel and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) will engage in strategic cooperation. They will analyze primary and secondary source materials pertaining to Israeli and UAE foreign policy and interview current and former U.S., European, and regional policymakers and experts.

Minxin Pei will edit China Leadership Monitor, a quarterly journal examining developments and trends in Chinese leadership politics and the ways competition over power and policy are unfolding within the Chinese Communist Party and government.

Minxin Pei will research and write a book exploring China’s domestic politics from the era of post-Mao reforms through the emergence of a neo-Stalinist state under Xi Jinping. He will analyze primary and secondary sources on China’s elite politics and policymaking and interpret those data drawing on insights from the literature on Leninist regimes, democratization, and authoritarian survival.

Bradley Parks and Ammar Malik will analyze China’s responses to negative reactions to its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). They will expand a database of case studies of BRI projects, examine findings from survey research to identify changes in the perception of China and the BRI in recipient countries, and analyze whether China’s aid policies changed toward those countries. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports.

Jason Healey, Trey Herr, and Jennifer Lake will create a searchable database of policy recommendations developed in recent decades to help the policy community strengthen cybersecurity. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports.

Greg Scarlatoiu will lead an effort to examine prospects for regime stability in North Korea. He will draw on lessons from repressive political systems that either collapsed or embarked on political transitions to assess how well the North Korean regime has managed significant challenges, including the COVID-19 pandemic, refugee outflows, and party-military relations. The project’s findings will be presented in a series of reports.

David Ownby will research and write a book assessing the nature of China’s politics and society by examining debates and analysis regarding the United States among leading Chinese scholars. He will analyze and translate selected texts representing a range of Chinese establishment intellectual opinion and interview Chinese academics and other experts.

Scott Snyder will lead an effort to develop a blueprint for the U.S. and South Korean policy communities to coordinate and implement policy toward China. The research agenda will focus on supply chain resiliency; promoting joint development of emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence; upholding shared democratic values and human rights; strengthening U.S. and South Korean approaches toward Southeast Asia and the Indo-Pacific; and developing joint strategies for crisis management in the context of a cross-strait contingency or regional conflict. The project’s findings will be presented in a monograph, commissioned papers, and workshop reports.

John Kamm will lead an effort to examine human rights in China and to secure better treatment, sentence reductions, or clemency for individual political prisoners. He will conduct open-source research to document individual cases of persons imprisoned in China for their political or religious views or activities; undertake an unofficial human rights dialogue with representatives of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Justice; and engage in policy outreach to the U.S. government, allied and partner governments, and multilateral organizations. The project’s findings will be presented in occasional papers, reports, and policy briefings.

Chris Beck will lead an effort to develop strategies to restart the electric grid after a large regional blackout and establish “blackstart” power restoration capabilities. He will examine current and required capabilities for conducting blackstart operations; identify challenges to maintaining needed capabilities under current regulatory schemes; and develop potential options to improve blackstart resilience as utilities add intermittent renewable energy generation. The project’s findings will be presented in a handbook for utilities and regulators.

James Dorsey will research and write a book assessing the global contest for influence within Muslim-majority countries among states seeking to capture the mantle of primacy over the interpretation of Islam. He will analyze primary and secondary source materials pertaining to religious and doctrinal debates regarding Islam in the Middle East, North Africa, and Asia.

Rob Lee will research and write a book assessing the performance of Russia’s military during its invasion of Ukraine. He will develop and analyze an open-source intelligence database about the war in Ukraine and use those data to evaluate various explanations for the challenges Russia has faced on the battlefield.

Christopher Miller will research and write a book exploring how U.S. policymakers can most effectively engage in technology competition to preserve the advantages that undergird U.S. military and economic power. He will examine archival materials in the United States, Russia, and Germany and conduct interviews with Silicon Valley and Japanese industry leaders, current and former U.S. policy officials, and experts on the Chinese high-tech industry.

Samantha Ravich and Mark Montgomery will lead an effort to catalyze improvements in cybersecurity policy and pilot solutions to specific cyber challenges that lie at the nexus of policy and technology. The project’s output will include policy briefs, technical notes, articles, and demonstration projects.

Cleo Paskal will examine ways to strengthen security cooperation between the United States and its Freely Associated States (FAS) in the context of China’s ambitions in Oceania. She will examine China’s pressure campaigns against the FAS states of Palau, the Federated States of Micronesia, and the Republic of the Marshall Islands. She will then assess the merits of establishing a national security council within each FAS country, supported by a cadre of intelligence analysts and a national guard coordinator. The project’s findings will be presented in a report.

Brenda Shaffer will research and write a book that develops proposals for an energy policy supporting four U.S. objectives: national security, economic prosperity, environmental sustainability, and preventing damaging impacts of climate change. She will investigate the costs and benefits of various energy policies pursued by other industrial countries through workshops and interviews with current and former policymakers.

Thomas Popik and Tabor French will create a 50-state report card assessing the resiliency of each state’s electrical grid. They will analyze open-source data released by a variety of federal agencies to grade each state’s performance in terms of resilience, carbon intensity, reliability, and cost. The project’s findings will be presented in a report and an interactive website.

Vladimir Milov and Natalya Lunde will research and write a book assessing the prospects for political reform in Russia after the end of President Putin’s regime. They will analyze the political, economic, and foreign policy issues facing Russia; develop an agenda for “transition concepts” in these domains; and socialize that agenda among a wider group of Russian civil society actors and officials of countries with a stake in Russia’s evolution.

Yana Gorokhovskaia will examine the nature of transnational repression—the coercion or intimidation by authoritarian states of diaspora communities and dissidents living abroad—and identify the means for swifter international responses to it. The project’s findings will be published in three reports.

Andrew Small will research and write a monograph assessing whether China’s global efforts to expand its presence and influence are leading to a set of alignments that constitute a “China bloc.” He will analyze primary and secondary Chinese materials and conduct field work in Pakistan, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, the western Pacific, Africa, and Latin America.

Andrew Krepinevich will research and write a monograph that sets forth a military operational concept to deter or defeat aggression by China along the so-called “first island chain,” the archipelagos stretching from Japan’s main islands along the Ryukyu Islands to Taiwan and the Philippines, then to Singapore.

Hillel Fradkin, Husain Haqqani, and James Barnett will edit and publish the journal Current Trends in Islamist Ideology.

Thomas Duesterberg will research and write a monograph exploring vulnerabilities in various sectors of the Chinese economy and assessing opportunities to target offensive measures against those weaknesses.

Timothy Walton and Bryan Clark will lead an effort to analyze China’s decision-making and command-and-control processes and assess a variety of U.S. deterrence strategies. They will analyze the People’s Liberation Army’s writings, conduct interviews, and hold a workshop to identify trends and vulnerabilities in Chinese decision-making processes and then use those insights to identify options for optimizing U.S. force posture in the Indo-Pacific region. The project’s findings will be published in a series of reports.

David Asher will examine a variety of tools that could be employed to meet the challenges imposed by the political, military, and business entities that support the Chinese Communist Party’s policies of repression at home and expansionism abroad. The project’s findings will be published in a report.

Arthur Herman will research and write a book exploring how the United States and its democratic allies and partners can mobilize their technological and industrial capacities to compete more effectively with authoritarian rivals such as China and Russia.

Husain Haqqani and Aparna Pande will research and write a monograph assessing the probability that India will participate in a U.S.-led effort to counter China’s growing presence and influence in the Indo-Pacific region. They will conduct archival research, interview current and former senior Indian government officials, and analyze the works of Hindu nationalist scholars regarding their worldview and its compatibility with American expectations about India’s future geopolitical role.

Anne Korin will research and write a monograph exploring how the United States can best develop alignments with states outside its formal alliance system to gain advantage in competition with great powers such as China. She will work with a group of former foreign policy practitioners and experts to identify broad criteria for assessing the relative value of states that could be partners with the United States and develop an optimal alignment strategy.

Clare Lockhart, Deborah Wetzel, Jennifer Fox, and Alex Park will lead an effort to develop a reconstruction plan for Ukraine. They will consider how Ukraine should partner with an array of donors, how financing should be channeled to ensure efficiency and accountability, how the country’s domestic economy should be restored through regional linkages and rebuilding value chains, and how to use the program to promote social cohesion. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports, memos, and short analyses for Ukrainian and international stakeholders.

Kimberly Kagan, Mason Clark, Matthew McInnis, and Nataliya Bugayova will lead an effort to assess Russia’s strategy and tactics for reintegrating states of the former Soviet Union into a new sphere of influence. They will analyze primary and secondary source materials, including speeches, published materials, news media, and social media, to understand how Russia seeks to extend its influence in the region. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and briefings.

Nigel Gould-Davies will research and write a book assessing the extent to which economic statecraft and sanctions can be effective in influencing the conduct of major powers such as Russia. He will document the intent and design of sanctions instruments vis-à-vis Russia, measure their economic effects, gauge the degree to which sanctions achieved deterrent or compellent effects, identify Moscow’s responses to lessen the impact of sanctions, and explore the lessons the Russia case may have for other potential sanctions targets.

Thomas Kent will research and write a book identifying vulnerabilities in Russia’s influence operations by analyzing instances in which such efforts failed. He will conduct interviews and undertake field research in Armenia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Belarus, Belgium, Slovakia, Bolivia, Madagascar, and South Africa.

Glen Howard and Arran Hope will edit and publish China Brief, a bi-weekly publication exploring developments and trends in Chinese leadership politics and China’s internal and foreign policies.

Vladimir Socor will edit and publish Eurasia Daily Monitor, a web-based publication that covers events and trends in the countries of the former Soviet Union as well as Central and Southeastern Europe and Central Asia.

Sergey Sukhankin will examine the activities of China’s overseas private military security companies. He will analyze primary and secondary materials on China’s firms and conduct interviews with policymakers, military officials, journalists, members of civil society organizations, and experts from Russia and the central Asian states. The project’s findings will be published in a series of reports.

Janusz Bugajski will research and write a book exploring Poland’s role as a front-line NATO ally in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. He will examine the evolution of Poland’s security posture since the end of the Cold War; undertake a series of interviews and roundtable discussions with policymakers and experts in the United States and Europe; and conduct field research in Poland, Ukraine, and other neighboring states to assess regional views on Warsaw’s trajectory.

Joe McReynolds and Brian Lafferty will identify the lessons that Chinese military leaders are learning from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. They will analyze official writings prepared by the People’s Liberation Army to establish a baseline of Chinese views on such questions as the role of economic coercion following the Ukraine conflict, the importance of popular support for invading and defending forces, and the prospects for irregular and conventional operations in a Taiwan invasion contingency. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Blaise Misztal will research and write a book examining the domestic political sources of Turkish foreign policy, particularly how competition among factions within the Turkish regime drives Ankara’s growing adventurism in the Middle East and the eastern Mediterranean. He will examine Turkey’s recent military activities and domestic political dynamics, interview Turkish officials and politicians, and organize a workshop with U.S. experts on Turkey.

Joshua White will research and write a book examining how the United States and India can cooperate on the development of military technology. He will conduct interviews and undertake analysis to illuminate the reasons for the poor track record of U.S.–India defense technology cooperation, explore whether India could become better positioned to integrate advanced technologies into defense systems, and identify realistic areas for U.S.–India military technology cooperation in the future.

Jakub Grygiel will write an article assessing the geopolitical assumptions of the U.S. policy community that were proven wrong by President Putin’s decision to invade Ukraine.

Alex Vatanka will research and write a book examining the principal drivers of Iran’s policies toward the Arab world. He will analyze primary sources from Iran; examine secondary source materials from Arab states such as Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia; and interview experts and former officials in the Iranian diaspora in the United States, Europe, and the Middle East.

Steven Lambakis will research and write a monograph that explores how the United States may better deploy space-based sensors in support of missile defense, space defense, and other missions.

Matthew Costlow will assess a variety of factors that may deter an adversary from escalating a conventional conflict to either limited or general nuclear war. He will undertake a literature review across governmental and nongovernmental writings on intra-conflict deterrence, interview civilian and military experts, and engage with senior reviewers who will provide feedback throughout the project. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

Keith Payne will lead an effort to explore how the United States should revisit its strategic deterrence capabilities in the new era of great power competition. He will undertake research and analysis on the evolving strategic force postures and polices of Russia, China, and the United States; conduct interviews and convene a study team with experts and officials of allies and partners; and identify dissonance between contemporary threat realities and U.S. deterrence capabilities and guidelines. The project’s findings will appear in a monograph and a series of articles and briefings.

Mark Schneider will assess the challenges in estimating Russia’s nuclear stockpile, critique the most-widely-used publicly available estimates, and provide revised estimate ranges for Russia’s strategic and nonstrategic nuclear weapons. The project’s findings will be published in a report.

Ben Connable will research and write a book exploring the evolving nature of war. He will build a database of combined arms battles in the period from 2002 to 2022; code those engagements according to such factors as the forces and equipment involved; trace the development and utilization of such emerging technologies as unmanned drones in those battles; and identify trends that provide insight into the evolving character of war.

Michael McDowell will assess strategies to reduce the number of injuries and deaths that result from vehicle accidents during military training. He will conduct interviews with military officials, civilian engineers, and congressional staff on efforts to address the root causes of mishaps involving tactical military vehicles. The project’s findings will be published in a report.

Andreas Kuehn will research and write a book exploring how the United States and its allies can most effectively cooperate to manage critical digital technology in the context of competition with rivals like China and Russia. He will assess the viability of technology alliances in areas including 5G communications and semiconductor manufacturing.

Robert York and Brad Glosserman will edit and publish Comparative Connections, a journal tracking the evolution of the key bilateral relationships in East Asia.

Marcus Noland will lead an effort to assess the severity of the impending food shortage confronting North Korea. He will analyze open-source materials and satellite imagery to gauge the extent of food shortages in North Korea. The project’s findings will appear in a report and a publicly available database.

Lee Hsi-Min and Eric Lee will research and write a book assessing how Taiwan should optimize its defense capabilities posture in response to the growing threat from China. They will conduct interviews in the United States and Taiwan and organize a pair of roundtable discussions with experts and former officials in Washington and Taipei.

Ian Easton will research and write a report analyzing the lessons that Taiwan’s government and military are learning from the Russian invasion of Ukraine. He will undertake field work and conduct interviews in Taiwan.

David Ochmanek and Andrew Hoehn will lead an effort to identify how the United States and its allies should adjust their military postures in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. They will organize teams to define the elements of an overarching national security strategy; assess the capabilities, concepts, and posture for U.S. conventional military forces; evaluate options for U.S. nuclear force modernization and deployment; and analyze options for enhancing the capabilities of key allies and partners. The project’s findings will be published in a report.

Jerry Hendrix will explore how U.S. naval presence operations have enabled the United States to preserve stability and deter conflict. He will review existing research on the impacts of naval presence, develop a new theoretical explanation for the role of presence operations, construct a database of U.S. presence operations over the past century, and isolate the contributing elements of individual naval platforms to the value of presence. The project’s findings will appear in a report.

H. R. McMaster and Nadia Schadlow will lead an effort to develop a network of rising policymakers among U.S. allies and partners to forge a common outlook concerning contemporary geopolitical challenges. They will convene a one-week seminar that will include lectures and case-study planning exercises on topics in the domains of economics and technology, national security and defense, politics and democracy, and foreign policy.

James Siebens, Yun Sun, and Barry Blechman will lead an effort to assess how the Chinese government has employed military force to advance its interests through operations short of high-intensity warfare. They will compile a dataset of all such operations between 2000 and 2020 and analyze those data to understand how successful these efforts have been. The project’s findings will be published in a report.

Valerie Lincy will edit and publish Iran Watch, a publication focused on issues related to the nuclear and ballistic missile programs of Iran, the evolution of arms control negotiations, and the sanctions regime designed to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons.

Gabriel Scheinmann will lead an effort to educate a rising generation of national security practitioners on the dynamics and policy demands of long-term great power competition. He will organize a series of seminars on security and strategy over the next two years, which will focus on competitions vis-à-vis China, Russia, and Iran.

Jacquelyn Deal, Aaron Friedberg, and Stephen Rosen will lead an effort to enhance the capacity of the policy community to undertake long-term competitive strategic thinking and planning. They will host several education seminars per year to instruct rising national security professionals in the method of net assessment.

Richard Betts will organize an annual summer study program to train young scholars to analyze military strategy, combat operations, and defense budgets and programs.

Mark Kramer and Timothy Colton will edit the Journal of Cold War Studies and the Harvard Cold War Studies book series.

Kimberly Kagan, James Dubik, and Brian Babcock-Lumish will lead an effort to develop a cadre of young analysts in the policy community who understand the principles of strategy and the theory and the practice of war.

John Rose will lead an effort to support the training of junior and mid-rank policy specialists in relevant strategic studies analysis at the Washington-based doctoral program of Missouri State University.

William Inboden will lead an effort to prepare students to undertake policy-relevant scholarship in history. He will host a one-week summer seminar in history and statecraft for graduate students and direct a microgrant program to support archival research, field work, and policy outreach by graduate students and faculty at the University of Texas.

Oriana Skylar Mastro will research and write a book describing the strategy that China has employed over the past 25 years to build enough power to be considered a great power competitor to the United States.

George Bogden will research and write a book exploring how the U.S. and its allies negotiated the Budapest Memorandum, which offered security guarantees to Ukraine in exchange for its giving up its stock of nuclear weapons.

Lily McElwee will research and write a book exploring how U.S. investment screening policy has evolved in response to growing concern over China-specific national security risks.

Zongyuan Zoe Liu will research and write a book examining how the Chinese Communist Party has used sovereign wealth funds to carry out its strategic objectives.

Sara Bjerg Moller will research and write a book examining the variety of battlefield coalitions used by the U.S. military in conflicts such as Afghanistan and Iraq and assessing their relative effectiveness.

Anand Toprani will research and write a book examining the role of naval power in an era of great power competition through an assessment of John Lehman’s tenure as secretary of the navy.

Frank Sobchak will research and write a book assessing the efforts of U.S. Army Special Forces to build partnership capacity in El Salvador, Colombia, the Philippines, Afghanistan, and Iraq.

Alvin Camba will research and write a book exploring how China seeks to cultivate influence among elites in developing countries in which it has significant investments.

Dan Goldhaber will direct the research program of the National Center for Analysis of Longitudinal Data in Education Research (CALDER) policy lab. He will work with CALDER affiliates in ten states to answer a variety of policy-relevant research questions, including an examination of the extent to which schools can promote upward academic mobility among their students, as well as a series of projects exploring the effects of COVID-19-induced school closures on student learning. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, papers, and policy briefings for state and district officials.

Dan Goldhaber, Thomas Kane, and Andrew McEachin will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on identifying strategies that schools can use to help students recover from learning loss caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. They will work with public officials in 13 school districts implementing a variety of interventions, including supplemental Saturday instruction, summer programming, and extended school days. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, papers, and briefings for policymakers and school administrators.

Paul Hill and Ashley Jochim will research and write a book exploring how policymakers can make school reforms durable in the face of political pressures. They will examine how effective school reform efforts implemented in a variety of large urban districts have been challenged and often undermined by political pressures and assess strategies adopted by some of these districts to harness political forces to sustain school reform measures.

Steven Wilson will research and write a book that examines Massachusetts’s nearly thirty-year effort to reform its public schools, assesses how the success of those reforms is being challenged by interest groups and ideological movements, and discusses how policymakers might react to those challenges.

Marcus Winters and Kirsten Slungaard Mumma will examine whether a large-scale school choice program can increase student achievement. They will analyze data from the Indianapolis school district to assess the educational impacts of students’ enrolling in a variety of district public schools and charter schools. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and policy briefs.

James Bessen and Michael Meurer will examine whether the dominance of large firms in certain industries limits innovation in ways that slow down growth in productivity and economic output. They will analyze whether larger firms invest disproportionately more in technology than smaller firms, whether those investments enable productivity gains, and how changes in the investment patterns of large firms over time affect opportunities for small but innovative firms to grow. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Sanjay Patnaik will direct the research program of the Center on Regulation and Markets policy lab. He will commission and publish research on a wide variety of questions related to the regulation of emerging technologies, particularly those making use of artificial intelligence. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, papers, and briefings for the policy community.

Janice Eberly and James Stock will commission and edit research on critical economic policy issues including the sustainability of federal budget deficits, the causes of rising home prices, the wealth effects associated with accommodative monetary policy, and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment rates. Commissioned work will be published in the biannual journal Brookings Papers on Economic Activity.

Matthew Kraft and Danielle Edwards will examine the extent to which schools can improve their performance by identifying and training prospective teachers rather than relying on pools of traditionally trained teachers. They will explore the landscape of what have come to be known as Grow-Your-Own programs and examine the effectiveness of a Texas program that provides districts facing staffing challenges with resources to implement such programs. The project’s findings will appear in two research papers and a policy brief.

Raj Chetty, David Deming, John Friedman, and Nathaniel Hendren will direct the research program of Opportunity Insights, a policy lab working to identify approaches to increase economic opportunity and social mobility through effective public policies. They will explore how post-secondary education, neighborhoods, and peer groups can shape the later life outcomes of children from disadvantaged backgrounds. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of papers, reports, and policy briefs.

Susanna Loeb will direct the research program of a policy lab examining how tutoring programs can be used to help students recover from learning loss attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic and to close achievement gaps between students from disadvantaged backgrounds and their peers. Lab researchers will evaluate the effectiveness of various tutoring models implemented by school districts and charter school networks. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of research papers and policy briefs.

Marc Goldwein will lead an effort to inform the policy community about fiscal policy decisions that can limit inflationary pressures in the U.S. economy. He will develop a framework for analyzing the role that fiscal policy can play in limiting inflation and commission a series of analyses of policy changes that could do so. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and policy briefs.

Marc Goldwein will lead an effort to examine how policymakers could best address looming shortfalls in three of the federal government’s trust funds to put the U.S. government’s finances on a sustainable path. He will undertake research and analysis related to the federal trust funds that provide support for retirees, disabled persons, and infrastructure spending; conduct outreach to inform policymakers and the public about the need for reform; and work with members of Congress interested in putting forth such solutions. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and policy briefs.

Hal Scott will lead an effort to assess the extent to which regulations that set capital and liquidity requirements for banks affect lending activities. The project will analyze lending data from a variety of banking institutions as capital and liquidity requirements were tightened between 2010 and 2016 and loosened between 2017 and 2021. The project’s findings will be published in a report.

William Gormley, Sara Anderson, Katherine Magnuson, and Amy Claessens will examine whether early childhood educational programs can contribute to social mobility by improving high school academic achievement and rates of college enrollment. They will analyze a variety of educational and criminal justice system data for young people who were enrolled in Tulsa’s universal pre-kindergarten program in 2006. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and policy briefs.

Daniel Kreisman will direct the research program of a policy lab examining the extent to which high school career and technical education (CTE) programs can enable students to acquire the education and skills needed to succeed in the workforce and increase their opportunities for upward mobility. The CTEx Lab will use data from Michigan, Tennessee, Massachusetts, Washington, Montana, and several school districts in Georgia to explore questions related to the effectiveness of school-based CTE programs and to determine the elements of successful CTE programs. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of papers, reports, and shorter policy briefs.

David Deming, Robert Schwartz, and Rachel Lipson will lead an effort to identify how community colleges can develop effective partnerships with employers to increase economic opportunities for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds. They will examine how a sample of successful community college–employer partnerships were developed, managed, and sustained. The project’s findings will appear in a series of reports and an edited volume.

Joshua Angrist, Parag Pathak, and Jack Mountjoy will examine whether charter schools with records of increasing levels of academic achievement also have positive long-term economic and social impacts on children from low-income families. They will analyze data from admissions lotteries sponsored by charter management organizations in Texas to assess whether winning a slot in one of these schools leads to changes in rates of college enrollment and completion, levels of employment and earnings, and risk of involvement in the criminal justice system. The project’s findings will be published in a series of papers.

Nate Hilger will engage in an effort to help policymakers and program administrators better understand how public policies such as early childhood education could more effectively help parents increase their children’s opportunities to move up the socioeconomic ladder.

Alyssa Ratledge will lead an effort to field a randomized controlled trial of Montana 10, a program that includes a comprehensive set of financial, academic, and student support services offered at seven public colleges and universities in the state. The analysis will measure the impacts of the intervention on academic outcomes, including course taking, grades, and degree attainment. The project’s findings will appear in a series of research reports and policy briefs.

Katharine Strunk will direct the research program of the Education Policy Innovation Collaborative, a policy lab examining Michigan’s efforts to improve the quality of its schools. The lab will assess Michigan’s Partnership Model, which deploys a variety of supports and mandates to improve low-performing schools and districts, and its efforts to assist state and district leaders as they seek to help students recover from learning loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, policy briefs, and articles as well as regular briefings to state and district officials and members of Michigan’s state legislative bodies.

Joshua Rauh and Juan Carlos Suárez Serrato will lead an effort to explore the impact of business taxation on economic growth, employment, wages, and innovation. They will commission research and host a series of conferences on topics such as the economic effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, the employment and growth impacts of state business subsidies, and the role of tax policy in fostering innovation. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Melissa Kearney and Phillip Levine will lead an effort to examine the causes of the decline in U.S. fertility rates and explore the economic impacts of that decline. They will commission research and host a series of conferences on topics such as the relationship between public policies and fertility rates and the extent to which lower rates of fertility will shape future patterns of employment and output growth. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

John Van Reenen and Chad Syverson will lead an effort to examine how the trend toward larger firms and higher levels of market concentration is affecting the growth rate of the U.S. economy. They will commission research from leading economists to explore the causes of, consequences of, and potential remedies for increased firm size and market concentration. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Erik Hurst and Lisa Kahn will lead an effort to examine trends in wages for workers across the income distribution. They will commission research exploring the extent to which wage growth has slowed over the past few economic cycles, identify the causes for such trends, and consider whether policy options exist to increase wage growth. The project’s findings will be published in a series of research papers and a special issue of the Journal of Labor Economics.

Eric Hanushek and Ludger Woessmann will direct the research program of the International Comparative Education Policy Lab to examine how education policies can improve economic opportunities for students from disadvantaged backgrounds and build human capital in ways that contribute to economic growth. They will explore questions related to school accountability systems, teacher quality and compensation, the role of culture in student achievement, the development of skills later in life, and how national education outcomes are shaped by migration patterns. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, papers, and briefings for public officials.

Ben Wildavsky will research and write a book that explores how post-secondary educational institutions should evolve to help students develop the human capital they need to take advantage of economic opportunities throughout their careers. He will examine how a handful of educational institutions help students to earn traditional college degrees while also obtaining skills that are in high demand among employers and building social capital that can help individuals navigate changes in the employment landscape.

Richard Morgenstern and Arthur Fraas will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on assessing the economic costs and benefits of regulations. They will commission retrospective analyses of existing regulations covering air and water quality, develop guidelines for how best to undertake retrospective analyses, and work with a bipartisan group of lawmakers who are developing legislation to make retrospective analysis a part of the regulation policy process. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, papers, and briefings for policymakers.

Flavio Cunha will evaluate the effectiveness of a program designed to improve literacy among young children from disadvantaged families. He will field an experimental evaluation of the Language Environment Analysis (LENA) program in conjunction with the Alief Independent School District in Texas. The LENA program is designed to help parents of young children improve the language environment in their homes. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers and a report.

Nicholas Bloom will direct the research program of a policy lab exploring how the shift to remote work prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic is altering the employment landscape. He will field surveys of workers and analyze those and other data to answer questions such as the relationship between remote work and productivity and how remote work is changing how firms train their employees. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of papers, policy briefs, and presentations.

John Taylor will lead an effort to assess the Federal Reserve’s response to inflationary pressures in the U.S. economy and explore steps that it could take to reduce inflation. The project’s findings will appear in an edited volume.

Michael Petrilli and Adam Tyner will direct the research activities of a policy lab exploring the landscape of policies, programs, and practices that can promote educational excellence among high-achieving students from disadvantaged backgrounds. They will field a survey of the hundred largest school districts in the country to identify their policies and practices that support high-achieving students and will create a working group composed of a diverse group of education policy experts to identify practices that increase access to such programs. The output from this policy lab will appear in a series of reports, papers, and policy briefs.

Victoria McDougald and Michael Petrilli will lead an effort to help junior-level scholars become better at disseminating their research and sharing their expertise with members of the policy community. Scholars will engage with key members of the policy community, attend workshops on writing for a policy audience, and learn about emerging policy issues.

Michael Klein will commission analyses from leading economists summarizing their research on a variety of topics related to economic growth and opportunity. The project’s output will appear on the EconoFact website.

Jeffrey Zabel, Keren Horn, Richard Peiser, and Henry Pollakowski will examine how individuals fare after losing their jobs as a result of involuntary layoffs and assess what these patterns might mean for efforts to increase employment rates and economic opportunity. They will analyze individual-level data on employment patterns of workers who lost their jobs during the Great Recession. Those data will be used to examine how laid-off workers adapted to the shock of employment loss, including how the loss affected their employment, earnings, geographic location, and education level. The project’s findings will be published in a series of papers.

Emi Nakamura and Jón Steinsson will direct the research activities of a policy lab exploring what kinds of macroeconomic policies can increase U.S. economic growth. They will create new datasets that can help economists answer macroeconomic questions concerning unemployment, inflation, and economic growth. The lab’s findings will be presented in a series of articles and shorter policy briefs.

David Card, Cecile Gaubert, Hilary Hoynes, Patrick Kline, Enrico Moretti, Jesse Rothstein, and Danny Yagan will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on exploring the effectiveness of policies designed to support local economies and promote economic opportunity for disadvantaged individuals living in distressed areas. They will analyze disparities in rates of economic growth and levels of economic opportunity across geographic areas, examine factors that enable some places to prosper to a greater degree than others, and assess a variety of policy interventions designed to promote growth and opportunity in distressed areas. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of papers, reports, and policy briefs.

Till von Wachter will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on how the unemployment insurance (UI) system can be used to promote employment and upward mobility. The lab will make use of 20 years of employment and earnings records of workers in California to examine how well the UI system promotes labor force participation and reemployment and supports households during periods of unemployment. The policy lab’s findings will appear in a series of reports, papers, and policy briefs.

Christina Weiland and Brian Jacob will examine whether early childhood education programs emphasizing school readiness can lead to improvements in math and reading skills after students enter primary school. They will evaluate a transitional kindergarten program offered to children in Michigan that places an enhanced focus on developing literacy and numeracy skills. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Steven Hemelt and Samantha Raynor will evaluate the effectiveness of a program designed to increase college completion rates at a large public university. They will field a randomized controlled trial to test whether an intervention that offers enhanced advising on academics and financial aid to students who are halfway through their college experience can increase their rate of degree attainment. The project’s findings will appear in a paper, a policy brief, and a series of briefings for university administrators.

Chloe Gibbs and Abigail Wozniak will examine whether signaling to employers that a high school graduate has acquired what are known as “soft skills” can increase employment and earnings for young people who opt to go directly to employment after graduation. They will evaluate the Governor’s Work Ethic Certificate, an Indiana initiative that allows high school students to earn a certificate indicating that they have acquired soft skills, such as diligence, good behavior, and general workplace competencies. The project’s findings will appear in a paper, a policy brief, and briefings for public officials in Indiana.

William Evans and James Sullivan will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on efforts to increase economic opportunities for disadvantaged families. They will develop evaluations of programs sponsored by nonprofit organizations active in a wide array of areas. These include programs to help students earn high school diplomas, to support first-generation college students, to assist families at risk of homelessness, and to increase economic self-sufficiency. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports, articles, policy briefs, and briefings.

Robert Inman and Andrew Haughwout will create a measure of each state’s net public wealth: the market value of state assets minus the market value of all state liabilities, including bonds, pension fund shortfalls, and other obligations. They will explore whether the index can provide early warnings to indicate when state policies risk creating fiscal emergencies. The findings of the project will appear in a series of papers.

Peter Conti-Brown and Itay Goldstein will lead an effort to identify risks in the financial sector that would create systemwide instability and present ideas for how those risks could be managed. They will explore topics such as the introduction of stablecoins and the growth of collateralized loan obligations. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Jason DeBacker will lead an effort to assess the extent to which place-based policies that create incentives for investment in economically distressed areas can spur growth and improve economic conditions over the long term. He will make use of a variety of data to examine whether localities that were designated as Empowerment Zones and Enterprise Communities in the 1990s experienced faster growth in output, employment, and earnings than nearby communities not included in those designations. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Morgan Polikoff will research and write a book about how a series of “bad ideas” have undermined the quality of American schools, how those ideas were developed and implemented, and how an increasingly large and rigorous body of education policy research has both challenged them and offered more effective alternatives.

Corina Mommaerts and Jeffrey Weaver will examine whether tax subsidies to promote the hiring of individuals who have been outside the labor force can promote economic opportunity and upward mobility. They will evaluate whether the Work Opportunity Tax Credit, which supports the hiring of approximately 2 million workers annually, leads to long-term changes in employment and earnings as well as changes in a variety of other socioeconomic indicators. The project’s findings will appear in a series of papers.

Jason Delisle will explore policy options to reform how the federal government supports human capital development through student loans for graduate and professional degree programs. He will analyze data documenting enrollment and cost trends for graduate and professional degree programs, assess the scope of federal government support for those programs, and examine patterns of borrowing across different degree programs. The project’s findings will be published in a report and a policy brief.

Kim Rueben will direct the State and Local Finance Initiative, a policy lab focused on issues related to state and local public finance. The lab will explore how changes in economic activity spurred by the COVID-19 pandemic will affect state and local government finances and how policymakers can adapt to those changes in ways that will maintain stable fiscal balances in future years. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports and policy briefs, as well as public events and dissemination activities delivered directly to state and local officials.

Matthew Chingos will edit and publish The Learning Curve, an online source for accessible and policy-relevant research on issues related to early childhood education, primary and secondary school education, and postsecondary education.

William Glasgall will direct the research program of a policy lab focused on how state officials can maintain stable finances. He will adapt the Volcker Alliance’s well-established approach for measuring state fiscal practices to the challenges facing state policymakers as they address the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The policy lab’s output will appear in a series of reports on topics such as the role of reserves and rainy-day funds in stabilizing budgets, state funding for infrastructure projects and the deferral of maintenance, and state decisions to increase revenues through a variety of changes in taxes and user fees.

Jason Jabbari and Stephen Roll will examine whether intensive training programs in computer coding combined with apprenticeships can increase employment opportunities and earnings for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds. They will evaluate the effectiveness of programs run by LaunchCode, one of the largest coding “bootcamp” models in the United States. The project’s findings will appear in a report, a policy brief, and a research paper.